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DHA supplementation decreases serum C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in hypertriglyceridemic men.

ABSTRACT: Dietary (n-3) PUFA reduce inflammation, an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The antiinflammatory effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in hypertriglyceridemic men have not been previously reported, to our knowledge, and were the focus of this study. Hypertriglyceridemic men (n = 17 per group) aged 39-66 y, participated in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled parallel study. They received no supplements for the first 8 d and then received either 7.5 g/d DHA oil (3 g DHA/d) or olive oil (placebo) for the last 90 d. Blood samples were collected from fasting men on study days -7, 0, 45, 84, and 91. DHA supplementation for 45 and 91 d decreased the number of circulating neutrophils by 11.7 and 10.5%, respectively (P < 0.05). It did not alter the circulating concentrations of other inflammatory markers tested within 45 d, but at 91 d it reduced (P < 0.05) concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) by 15%, interleukin-6 by 23%, and granulocyte monocyte-colony stimulating factor by 21% and DHA increased the concentration of antiinflammatory matrix metalloproteinase-2 by 7%. The number of circulating neutrophils was positively associated with the weight percent (wt %) of 20:4(n-6) in RBC lipids, and negatively to the wt % of 20:5(n-3) and 22:6(n-3). Concentrations of CRP and serum amyloid A were positively associated with the sum of SFA and negatively with the wt % of 18:1(n-9) and 17:0 in RBC lipids; CRP was also positively associated with the wt % of 20:2(n-6). The mean size of VLDL particles was positively associated with plasma concentrations of neutrophils and CRP. In conclusion, DHA may lessen the inflammatory response by altering blood lipids and their fatty acid composition.

SUBMITTER: Kelley DS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2646223 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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DHA supplementation decreases serum C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in hypertriglyceridemic men.

Kelley Darshan S DS Siegel David D Fedor Dawn M DM Adkins Yuriko Y Mackey Bruce E BE

The Journal of nutrition 20090121 3

Dietary (n-3) PUFA reduce inflammation, an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The antiinflammatory effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in hypertriglyceridemic men have not been previously reported, to our knowledge, and were the focus of this study. Hypertriglyceridemic men (n = 17 per group) aged 39-66 y, participated in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled parallel study. They received no supplements for the first 8 d and then received either 7.5 g/d DHA oil (3 g D ...[more]

PMID: 19158225

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Project description:Vitamin D is hypothesized to suppress inflammation. We tested total and free vitamin D metabolites and their association with inflammatory markers. Interleukin-6 levels were lower with higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and free 25OHD associations mirrored those of 25OHD. However, associations for the two metabolites diverged for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) soluble receptors.Vitamin D is hypothesized to suppress inflammation, and circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and inflammatory markers are inversely correlated. However, total serum 25OHD may not be the best indicator of biologically active vitamin D.We tested serum total 25OHD, total 1,25(OH)2D, vitamin D binding protein (DBP), and estimated free 25OHD and free 1,25(OH)2D associations with inflammatory markers serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), TNF-? and their soluble receptors, interleukin-10 (IL-10), and C-reactive protein (CRP) as continuous outcomes and the presence of ?2 inflammatory markers in the highest quartile as a dichotomous outcome, in a random subcohort of 679 men in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study.IL-6 was lower in men with higher 25OHD (-0.23 ?g/mL per standard deviation (SD) increase in 25OHD, 95 % confidence intervals (CI) -0.07 to -0.38 ?g/mL) and with higher 1,25(OH)2D (-0.20 ?g/mL, 95 % CI -0.0004 to -0.39 ?g/mL); free D associations were slightly stronger. 25OHD and DBP, but not 1,25(OH)2D, were independently associated with IL-6. TNF-? soluble receptors were inversely associated with 1,25(OH)2D but positively associated with 25OHD, and each had independent effects. The strongest association with ?2 inflammatory markers in the highest quartile was for free 1,25(OH)2D (odds ratios (OR) 0.70, 95 % CI 0.54 to 0.89 per SD increase in free 1,25(OH)2D).Associations of 1,25(OH)2D and free 25OHD with IL-6 mirrored those of 25OHD, suggesting that 1,25(OH)2D and free D do not improve upon 25OHD in population-based IL-6 studies. However, associations for the two metabolites diverged for TNF-? soluble receptor, warranting examination of both metabolites in studies of TNF-? and its antagonists.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Probiotics are an upcoming group of nutraceuticals claiming positive effects on athlete's gut health, redox biology and immunity but there is lack of evidence to support these statements. METHODS:We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled trial to observe effects of probiotic supplementation on markers of intestinal barrier, oxidation and inflammation, at rest and after intense exercise. 23 trained men received multi-species probiotics (1010 CFU/day, Ecologic®Performance or OMNi-BiOTiC®POWER, n?=?11) or placebo (n?=?12) for 14?weeks and performed an intense cycle ergometry over 90 minutes at baseline and after 14?weeks. Zonulin and ?1-antitrypsin were measured from feces to estimate gut leakage at baseline and at the end of treatment. Venous blood was collected at baseline and after 14?weeks, before and immediately post exercise, to determine carbonyl proteins (CP), malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidation status of lipids (TOS), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Statistical analysis used multifactorial analysis of variance (ANOVA). Level of significance was set at p?<?0.05, a trend at p?<?0.1. RESULTS:Zonulin decreased with supplementation from values slightly above normal into normal ranges (<30?ng/ml) and was significantly lower after 14?weeks with probiotics compared to placebo (p?=?0.019). We observed no influence on ?1-antitrypsin (p?>?0.1). CP increased significantly from pre to post exercise in both groups at baseline and in the placebo group after 14?weeks of treatment (p?=?0.006). After 14?weeks, CP concentrations were tendentially lower with probiotics (p?=?0.061). TOS was slightly increased above normal in both groups, at baseline and after 14?weeks of treatment. There was no effect of supplementation or exercise on TOS. At baseline, both groups showed considerably higher TNF-? concentrations than normal. After 14?weeks TNF-? was tendentially lower in the supplemented group (p?=?0.054). IL-6 increased significantly from pre to post exercise in both groups (p?=?0.001), but supplementation had no effect. MDA was not influenced, neither by supplementation nor by exercise. CONCLUSIONS:The probiotic treatment decreased Zonulin in feces, a marker indicating enhanced gut permeability. Moreover, probiotic supplementation beneficially affected TNF-? and exercise induced protein oxidation. These results demonstrate promising benefits for probiotic use in trained men. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY:http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT01474629.

Dataset Information

DHA supplementation decreases serum C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in hypertriglyceridemic men.

Publications

DHA supplementation decreases serum C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in hypertriglyceridemic men.

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