Dataset Information

Periodic gene expression patterns during the highly synchronized cell nucleus and organelle division cycles in the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae.

ABSTRACT: Previous cell cycle studies have been based on cell-nuclear proliferation only. Eukaryotic cells, however, have double membranes-bound organelles, such as the cell nucleus, mitochondrion, plastids and single-membrane-bound organelles such as ER, the Golgi body, vacuoles (lysosomes) and microbodies. Organelle proliferations, which are very important for cell functions, are poorly understood. To clarify this, we performed a microarray analysis during the cell cycle of Cyanidioschyzon merolae. C. merolae cells contain a minimum set of organelles that divide synchronously. The nuclear, mitochondrial and plastid genomes were completely sequenced. The results showed that, of 158 genes induced during the S or G2-M phase, 93 were known and contained genes related to mitochondrial division, ftsZ1-1, ftsz1-2 and mda1, and plastid division, ftsZ2-1, ftsZ2-2 and cmdnm2. Moreover, three genes, involved in vesicle trafficking between the single-membrane organelles such as vps29 and the Rab family protein, were identified and might be related to partitioning of single-membrane-bound organelles. In other genes, 46 were hypothetical and 19 were hypothetical conserved. The possibility of finding novel organelle division genes from hypothetical and hypothetical conserved genes in the S and G2-M expression groups is discussed.

SUBMITTER: Fujiwara T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2646357 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Periodic gene expression patterns during the highly synchronized cell nucleus and organelle division cycles in the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae.

Fujiwara Takayuki T Misumi Osami O Tashiro Kousuke K Yoshida Yamato Y Nishida Keiji K Yagisawa Fumi F Imamura Sousuke S Yoshida Masaki M Mori Toshiyuki T Tanaka Kan K Kuroiwa Haruko H Kuroiwa Tsuneyoshi T

DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes 20090114 1

Previous cell cycle studies have been based on cell-nuclear proliferation only. Eukaryotic cells, however, have double membranes-bound organelles, such as the cell nucleus, mitochondrion, plastids and single-membrane-bound organelles such as ER, the Golgi body, vacuoles (lysosomes) and microbodies. Organelle proliferations, which are very important for cell functions, are poorly understood. To clarify this, we performed a microarray analysis during the cell cycle of Cyanidioschyzon merolae. C. m ...[more]

PMID: 19147531

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Project description:In many eukaryotes, cytokinesis proceeds in two successive steps: first, ingression of the cleavage furrow and second, abscission of the intercellular bridge. In animal cells, the actomyosin contractile ring is involved in the first step, while the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT), which participates in various membrane fusion/fission events, mediates the second step. Intriguingly, in archaea, ESCRT is involved in cytokinesis, raising the hypothesis that the function of ESCRT in eukaryotic cytokinesis descended from the archaeal ancestor. In eukaryotes other than in animals, the roles of ESCRT in cytokinesis are poorly understood. To explore the primordial core mechanisms for eukaryotic cytokinesis, we investigated ESCRT functions in the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae that diverged early in eukaryotic evolution. C. merolae provides an excellent experimental system. The cell has a simple organelle composition. The genome (16.5 Mb, 5335 genes) has been completely sequenced, transformation methods are established, and the cell cycle is synchronized by a light and dark cycle. Similar to animal and fungal cells, C. merolae cells divide by furrowing at the division site followed by abscission of the intercellular bridge. However, they lack an actomyosin contractile ring. The proteins that comprise ESCRT-I-IV, the four subcomplexes of ESCRT, are partially conserved in C. merolae. Immunofluorescence of native or tagged proteins localized the homologs of the five ESCRT-III components [charged multivesicular body protein (CHMP) 1, 2, and 4-6], apoptosis-linked gene-2-interacting protein X (ALIX), the ESCRT-III adapter, and the main ESCRT-IV player vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) 4, to the intercellular bridge. In addition, ALIX was enriched around the cleavage furrow early in cytokinesis. When the ESCRT function was perturbed by expressing dominant-negative VPS4, cells with an elongated intercellular bridge accumulated-a phenotype resulting from abscission failure. Our results show that ESCRT mediates cytokinetic abscission in C. merolae. The fact that ESCRT plays a role in cytokinesis in archaea, animals, and early diverged alga C. merolae supports the hypothesis that the function of ESCRT in cytokinesis descended from archaea to a common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Dataset Information

Periodic gene expression patterns during the highly synchronized cell nucleus and organelle division cycles in the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae.

Publications

Periodic gene expression patterns during the highly synchronized cell nucleus and organelle division cycles in the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae.

Similar Datasets

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