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Macrophage-derived human resistin exacerbates adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in mice.

ABSTRACT: Resistin is an adipokine that contributes to insulin resistance in mice. In humans, however, studies investigating the link between resistin and metabolic disease are conflicting. Further complicating the matter, human resistin is produced mainly by macrophages rather than adipocytes. To address this important issue, we generated mice that lack adipocyte-derived mouse resistin but produce human resistin in a pattern similar to that found in humans, i.e., in macrophages (humanized resistin mice). When placed on a high-fat diet, the humanized resistin mice rapidly developed accelerated white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation, leading to increased lipolysis and increased serum free fatty acids. Over time, these mice accumulated lipids, including diacylglycerols, in muscle. We found that this resulted in increased Pkcq pathway activity, leading to increased serine phosphorylation of Irs-1 and insulin resistance. Thus, although the site of resistin production differs between species, human resistin exacerbates WAT inflammation and contributes to insulin resistance.

SUBMITTER: Qatanani M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2648673 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Macrophage-derived human resistin exacerbates adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in mice.

Qatanani Mohammed M Szwergold Nava R NR Greaves David R DR Ahima Rexford S RS Lazar Mitchell A MA

The Journal of clinical investigation 20090202 3

Resistin is an adipokine that contributes to insulin resistance in mice. In humans, however, studies investigating the link between resistin and metabolic disease are conflicting. Further complicating the matter, human resistin is produced mainly by macrophages rather than adipocytes. To address this important issue, we generated mice that lack adipocyte-derived mouse resistin but produce human resistin in a pattern similar to that found in humans, i.e., in macrophages (humanized resistin mice). ...[more]

PMID: 19188682

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Project description:Obesity is accompanied by numerous systemic and tissue-specific derangements, including systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and mitochondrial abnormalities in skeletal muscle. Despite growing recognition that adipose tissue dysfunction plays a role in obesity-related disorders, the relationship between adipose tissue inflammation and other pathological features of obesity is not well-understood. We assessed macrophage populations and measured the expression of inflammatory cytokines in abdominal adipose tissue biopsies in 39 nondiabetic adults across a range of body mass indexes (BMI 20.5-45.8 kg/m2). Skeletal muscle biopsies were used to evaluate mitochondrial respiratory capacity, ATP production capacity, coupling, and reactive oxygen species production. Insulin sensitivity (SI) and β cell responsivity were determined from test meal postprandial glucose, insulin, c-peptide, and triglyceride kinetics. We examined the relationships between adipose tissue inflammatory markers, systemic inflammatory markers, SI, and skeletal muscle mitochondrial physiology. BMI was associated with increased adipose tissue and systemic inflammation, reduced SI, and reduced skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Adipose-resident macrophage numbers were positively associated with circulating inflammatory markers, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Local adipose tissue inflammation and circulating concentrations of TNFα and CRP were negatively associated with SI, and circulating concentrations of TNFα and CRP were also negatively associated with skeletal muscle oxidative capacity. These results demonstrate that obese humans exhibit increased adipose tissue inflammation concurrently with increased systemic inflammation, reduced insulin sensitivity, and reduced muscle oxidative capacity and suggest that adipose tissue and systemic inflammation may drive obesity-associated metabolic derangements.NEW AND NOTEWORTHY Adipose inflammation is proposed to be at the nexus of the systemic inflammation and metabolic derangements associated with obesity. The present study provides evidence to support adipose inflammation as a central feature of the pathophysiology of obesity. Adipose inflammation is associated with systemic and peripheral metabolic derangements, including increased systemic inflammation, reduced insulin sensitivity, and reduced skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration.

Dataset Information

Macrophage-derived human resistin exacerbates adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in mice.

Publications

Macrophage-derived human resistin exacerbates adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in mice.

Similar Datasets

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