Dataset Information

Prokaryotic genomes and diversity in surface ocean waters: interrogating the global ocean sampling metagenome.

ABSTRACT: The Sorcerer II Global Ocean Sampling (GOS) sequencing effort has vastly expanded the landscape of metagenomics, providing an opportunity to study the genetic potential of surface ocean water bacterioplankton on a global scale. Here we describe the habitat-based microbial diversity, both taxon evenness and taxon richness, for each GOS site and estimate genome characteristics of a typical free-living, surface ocean water bacterium. While Alphaproteobacteria and particularly SAR11 dominate the 0.1- to 0.8-mum size fraction of surface ocean water bacteria (43% and 31%, respectively), the proportions of other taxa varied with ocean habitat type. Within each habitat type, lower-bound estimates of phylum richness ranged between 18 and 59 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). However, OTU richness was relatively low in the hypersaline lagoon community at every taxonomic level, and open-ocean communities had much more microdiversity than any other habitat. Based on the abundance of single-copy eubacterial genes from the same data set, we estimate that the genome of an average free-living surface ocean water bacterium (sized between 0.1 and 0.8 mum) contains approximately 1,019 genes and 1.8 copies of the 16S rRNA gene, suggesting that these bacteria have relatively streamlined genomes in comparison to those of cultured bacteria and bacteria from other habitats (e.g., soil or acid mine drainage).

SUBMITTER: Biers EJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2663191 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prokaryotic genomes and diversity in surface ocean waters: interrogating the global ocean sampling metagenome.

Biers Erin J EJ Sun Shulei S Howard Erinn C EC

Applied and environmental microbiology 20090206 7

The Sorcerer II Global Ocean Sampling (GOS) sequencing effort has vastly expanded the landscape of metagenomics, providing an opportunity to study the genetic potential of surface ocean water bacterioplankton on a global scale. Here we describe the habitat-based microbial diversity, both taxon evenness and taxon richness, for each GOS site and estimate genome characteristics of a typical free-living, surface ocean water bacterium. While Alphaproteobacteria and particularly SAR11 dominate the 0.1 ...[more]

PMID: 19201952

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Project description:BackgroundA major bottleneck in the use of metagenome sequencing for human gut microbiome studies has been the lack of a comprehensive genome collection to be used as a reference database. Several recent efforts have been made to re-construct genomes from human gut metagenome data, resulting in a huge increase in the number of relevant genomes. In this work, we aimed to create a collection of the most prevalent healthy human gut prokaryotic genomes, to be used as a reference database, including both MAGs from the human gut and ordinary RefSeq genomes.ResultsWe screened > 5,700 healthy human gut metagenomes for the containment of > 490,000 publicly available prokaryotic genomes sourced from RefSeq and the recently announced UHGG collection. This resulted in a pool of > 381,000 genomes that were subsequently scored and ranked based on their prevalence in the healthy human metagenomes. The genomes were then clustered at a 97.5% sequence identity resolution, and cluster representatives (30,691 in total) were retained to comprise the HumGut collection. Using the Kraken2 software for classification, we find superior performance in the assignment of metagenomic reads, classifying on average 94.5% of the reads in a metagenome, as opposed to 86% with UHGG and 44% when using standard Kraken2 database. A coarser HumGut collection, consisting of genomes dereplicated at 95% sequence identity-similar to UHGG, classified 88.25% of the reads. HumGut, half the size of standard Kraken2 database and directly comparable to the UHGG size, outperforms them both.ConclusionsThe HumGut collection contains > 30,000 genomes clustered at a 97.5% sequence identity resolution and ranked by human gut prevalence. We demonstrate how metagenomes from IBD-patients map equally well to this collection, indicating this reference is relevant also for studies well outside the metagenome reference set used to obtain HumGut. All data and metadata, as well as helpful code, are available at http://arken.nmbu.no/~larssn/humgut/ . Video Abstract.

Dataset Information

Prokaryotic genomes and diversity in surface ocean waters: interrogating the global ocean sampling metagenome.

Publications

Prokaryotic genomes and diversity in surface ocean waters: interrogating the global ocean sampling metagenome.

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