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Invasive Scytalidium dimidiatum infection in an immunocompetent adult.

ABSTRACT: Scytalidium dimidiatum, a dematiaceous fungus, has been well established as an agent of dermatomycosis. There are few reports of invasive infection caused by S. dimidiatum; most infections occurred in immunocompromised hosts. We present an immunocompetent patient with pleural S. dimidiatum infection and review nine other published cases of invasive S. dimidiatum infections.

SUBMITTER: Elinav H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2668342 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Invasive Scytalidium dimidiatum infection in an immunocompetent adult.

Elinav Hila H Izhar Uzi U Benenson Shmuel S Admon Dan D Hidalgo-Grass Carlos C Polacheck Itzhack I Korem Maya M

Journal of clinical microbiology 20090204 4

Scytalidium dimidiatum, a dematiaceous fungus, has been well established as an agent of dermatomycosis. There are few reports of invasive infection caused by S. dimidiatum; most infections occurred in immunocompromised hosts. We present an immunocompetent patient with pleural S. dimidiatum infection and review nine other published cases of invasive S. dimidiatum infections. ...[more]

PMID: 19193834

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Project description:IntroductionWild-type adult mice with intact interferon (IFN) system were neither susceptible to bluetongue virus (BTV) infection nor showed signs of morbidity/mortality. Establishment of immunologically competent wild-type adult mouse model with type I IFNs blockade is necessary to assess the pathogenesis, immune responses and testing of BTV vaccines.ObjectivesPresent study aimed to establish and characterize BTV serotype 1 infection in immunocompetent adult mice with type I IFNs blockade at the time of infection by studying immune responses and sequential pathology.MethodsAdult mice were administered with anti-mouse IFN-α/β receptor subunit-1 (IFNAR1) blocking antibody (Clone: MAR1-5A3) 24 h before and after BTV serotype 1 infection, and sacrificed at various time points. Sequential pathology, BTV localization by immunohistochemistry and quantification by qRT-PCR, immune cell kinetics and apoptosis by flow cytometry, and cytokines estimation by c-ELISA and qRT-PCR were studied.ResultsIFNAR blocked-infected mice developed clinical signs and typical lesions of BT; whereas, isotype-infected control mice did not develop any disease. The IFNAR blocked-infected mice showed enlarged, edematous, and congested lymph nodes (LNs) and spleen, and vascular (congestion and hemorrhage) and pneumonic lesions in lungs. Histopathologically, marked lymphoid depletion with "starry-sky pattern" due to lymphocytes apoptosis was noticed in the LNs and spleen. BTV antigen was detected and quantified in lymphoid organs, lungs, and other organs at various time points. Initial leukopenia (increased CD4+/CD8+ T cells ratio) followed by leukocytosis (decreased CD4+/CD8+ T cells ratio) and significantly increased biochemical values were noticed in IFNAR blocked-infected mice. Increased apoptotic cells in PBMCs and tissues coincided with viral load and levels of different cytokines in blood, spleen and draining LNs and notably varied between time points in IFNAR blocked-infected mice.ConclusionPresent study is first to characterize BTV serotype 1 infection in immunocompetent adult mouse with type I IFNs blockade. The findings will be useful for studying pathogenesis and testing the efficacy of BTV vaccines.

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Invasive Scytalidium dimidiatum infection in an immunocompetent adult.

Publications

Invasive Scytalidium dimidiatum infection in an immunocompetent adult.

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