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A novel plant cysteine-rich peptide family conferring cadmium tolerance to yeast and plants.

ABSTRACT: We have identified a novel cDNA clone, termed DcCDT1, from Digitaria ciliaris, that confers cadmium (Cd)-tolerance to yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The gene encodes a predicted peptide of 55 amino acid residues of which 15 (27.3%) are cysteine residues. We found that monocotyledonous plants possess multiple DcCDT1 homologues, for example rice contains five DcCDT1 homologues (designated OsCDT1~5), whereas dicotyledonous plants, including Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica rapa, poplar (Populus tremula x Populus alba) and Picea sitchensis, appear to possess only a single homologue. GFP fusion experiments demonstrate that DcCDT1 and OsCDT1 are targeted to both the plant cytoplasmic membranes and cell walls. Constitutive expression of DcCDT1 or OsCDT1 confers Cd-tolerance to transgenic A. thaliana plants by lowering the accumulation of Cd in the cells. The functions of the DcCDT1 family members are discussed in the light of these findings.

SUBMITTER: Matsuda T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2676753 | biostudies-literature | 2009 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A novel plant cysteine-rich peptide family conferring cadmium tolerance to yeast and plants.

Matsuda Taiki T Kuramata Masato M Takahashi Yoshihiro Y Kitagawa Etsuko E Youssefian Shohab S Kusano Tomonobu T

Plant signaling & behavior 20090525 5

We have identified a novel cDNA clone, termed DcCDT1, from Digitaria ciliaris, that confers cadmium (Cd)-tolerance to yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The gene encodes a predicted peptide of 55 amino acid residues of which 15 (27.3%) are cysteine residues. We found that monocotyledonous plants possess multiple DcCDT1 homologues, for example rice contains five DcCDT1 homologues (designated OsCDT1~5), whereas dicotyledonous plants, including Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica rapa, poplar (Populus tr ...[more]

PMID: 19816106

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Project description:Main conclusionOverexpression of pathogen-induced cysteine-rich transmembrane proteins (PCMs) in Arabidopsis thaliana enhances resistance against biotrophic pathogens and stimulates hypocotyl growth, suggesting a potential role for PCMs in connecting both biological processes. Plants possess a sophisticated immune system to protect themselves against pathogen attack. The defense hormone salicylic acid (SA) is an important player in the plant immune gene regulatory network. Using RNA-seq time series data of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves treated with SA, we identified a largely uncharacterized SA-responsive gene family of eight members that are all activated in response to various pathogens or their immune elicitors and encode small proteins with cysteine-rich transmembrane domains. Based on their nucleotide similarity and chromosomal position, the designated Pathogen-induced Cysteine-rich transMembrane protein (PCM) genes were subdivided into three subgroups consisting of PCM1-3 (subgroup I), PCM4-6 (subgroup II), and PCM7-8 (subgroup III). Of the PCM genes, only PCM4 (also known as PCC1) has previously been implicated in plant immunity. Transient expression assays in Nicotiana benthamiana indicated that most PCM proteins localize to the plasma membrane. Ectopic overexpression of the PCMs in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in all eight cases in enhanced resistance against the biotrophic oomycete pathogen Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis Noco2. Additionally, overexpression of PCM subgroup I genes conferred enhanced resistance to the hemi-biotrophic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. The PCM-overexpression lines were found to be also affected in the expression of genes related to light signaling and development, and accordingly, PCM-overexpressing seedlings displayed elongated hypocotyl growth. These results point to a function of PCMs in both disease resistance and photomorphogenesis, connecting both biological processes, possibly via effects on membrane structure or activity of interacting proteins at the plasma membrane.

Project description:BackgroundNon-essential trance metal such as cadmium (Cd) is toxic to plants. Although some plants have developed elaborate strategies to deal with absorbed Cd through multiple pathways, the regulatory mechanisms behind the Cd tolerance are not fully understood. Ferrochelatase-1 (FC1, EC4.99.1.1) is the terminal enzyme of heme biosynthesis, catalyzing insertion of ferrous ion into protoporphyrin IX. Recent studies have shown that FC1 is involved in several physiological processes. However, its biological function associated with plant abiotic stress response is poorly understood.ResultsIn this study, we showed that AtFC1 was transcriptionally activated by Cd exposure. AtFC1 overexpression (35S::FC1) lines accumulated more Cd and non-protein thiol compounds than wild-type, and conferred plant tolerance to Cd stress, with improved primary root elongation, biomass and chlorophyll (Chl) content, and low degree of oxidation associated with reduced H2O2, O·2- and peroxides. In contrast, the AtFC1 loss of functional mutant fc1 showed sensitivity to Cd stress. Exogenous provision of heme, the product of AtFC1, partially rescued the Cd-induced toxic phenotype of fc1 mutants by improving the growth of seedlings, generation of glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins (PCs), and GSH/PCs-synthesized gene expression (e.g. GSH1, GSH2, PCS1, and PCS2). To investigate the mechanism leading to the AtFC1 regulating Cd stress response in Arabidopsis, a transcriptome of fc1 mutant plants under Cd stress was profiled. Our data showed that disfunction of AtFC1 led to 913 genes specifically up-regulated and 522 genes down-regulated in fc1 mutants exposed to Cd. Some of the genes are involved in metal transporters, Cd-induced oxidative stress response, and detoxification.ConclusionThese results indicate that AtFC1 would act as a positive regulator of plant tolerance to Cd stress. Our study will broaden our understanding of the role of FC1 in mediating plant response to Cd stress and provide a basis for further exploration of its downstream genes.

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A novel plant cysteine-rich peptide family conferring cadmium tolerance to yeast and plants.

Publications

A novel plant cysteine-rich peptide family conferring cadmium tolerance to yeast and plants.

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