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Adapting to altered image statistics using processed video.

ABSTRACT: Perceptual systems can be altered by immersing observers in environments with statistical properties that differ from those naturally encountered. Here we present a novel method for placing observers in naturalistic audio visual environments whose statistics can be manipulated in very targeted ways. We present the results of a case study that used this method. Observers were exposed to an environment where there was a novel statistical relationship between two simple, visual patterns in otherwise natural scenes. Exposure to this altered environment strengthened perceptual interactions between the two patterns.

SUBMITTER: Falconbridge M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2700182 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Adapting to altered image statistics using processed video.

Falconbridge Michael M Wozny David D Shams Ladan L Engel Stephen A SA

Vision research 20090411 14

Perceptual systems can be altered by immersing observers in environments with statistical properties that differ from those naturally encountered. Here we present a novel method for placing observers in naturalistic audio visual environments whose statistics can be manipulated in very targeted ways. We present the results of a case study that used this method. Observers were exposed to an environment where there was a novel statistical relationship between two simple, visual patterns in otherwis ...[more]

PMID: 19364511

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Project description:Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is currently used for online target monitoring and plan adaptation in modern image-guided radiotherapy. However, storing a large amount of data accumulated during patient treatment becomes an issue. In this study, the feasibility to compress MRI images accumulated in MR-guided radiotherapy using video encoders was investigated. Methods Two sorting algorithms were employed to reorder the slices in multiple MRI sets for the input sequence of video encoder. Three cropping algorithms were used to auto-segment regions of interest for separate data storage. Four video encoders, motion-JPEG (M-JPEG), MPEG-4 (MP4), Advanced Video Coding (AVC or H.264) and High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC or H.265) were investigated. The compression performance of video encoders was evaluated by compression ratio and time, while the restoration accuracy of video encoders was evaluated by mean square error (MSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and video quality matrix (VQM). The performances of all combinations of video encoders, sorting methods, and cropping algorithms were investigated and their effects were statistically analyzed. Results The compression ratios of MP4, H.264 and H.265 with both sorting methods were improved by 26% and 5%, 42% and 27%, 72% and 43%, respectively, comparing to those of M-JPEG. The slice-prioritized sorting method showed a higher compression ratio than that of the location-prioritized sorting method for MP4 (P=0.00000), H.264 (P=0.00012) and H.265 (P=0.00000), respectively. The compression ratios of H.265 were improved significantly with the applications of morphology algorithm (P=0.01890 and P=0.00530), flood-fill algorithm (P=0.00510 and P=0.00020) and level-set algorithm (P=0.02800 and P=0.00830) for both sorting methods. Among the four video encoders, H.265 showed the best compression ratio and restoration accuracy. Conclusions The compression ratio and restoration accuracy of video encoders using inter-frame coding (MP4, H.264 and H.265) were higher than that of video encoders using intra-frame coding (M-JPEG). It is feasible to implement video encoders using inter-frame coding for high-performance MRI data storage in MR-guided radiotherapy.

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Adapting to altered image statistics using processed video.

Publications

Adapting to altered image statistics using processed video.

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