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A phosphatase activity of Sts-1 contributes to the suppression of TCR signaling.

ABSTRACT: Precise signaling by the T cell receptor (TCR) is crucial for a proper immune response. To ensure that T cells respond appropriately to antigenic stimuli, TCR signaling pathways are subject to multiple levels of regulation. Sts-1 negatively regulates signaling pathways downstream of the TCR by an unknown mechanism(s). Here, we demonstrate that Sts-1 is a phosphatase that can target the tyrosine kinase Zap-70 among other proteins. The X-ray structure of the Sts-1 C terminus reveals that it has homology to members of the phosphoglycerate mutase/acid phosphatase (PGM/AcP) family of enzymes, with residues known to be important for PGM/AcP catalytic activity conserved in nature and position in Sts-1. Point mutations that impair Sts-1 phosphatase activity in vitro also impair the ability of Sts-1 to regulate TCR signaling in T cells. These observations reveal a PGM/AcP-like enzyme activity involved in the control of antigen receptor signaling.

SUBMITTER: Mikhailik A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2709417 | biostudies-literature | 2007 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparison of sedation with dexmedetomidine/atipamezole administered subcutaneously at GV20 acupuncture point with usual routes of administration in dogs presented for orthopaedic radiographs.

Leriquier C C   Freire M M   Llido M M   Beauchamp G G   Montasell X X   Gagnon D D   Benito J J  

The Journal of small animal practice 20230809 12

<h4>Objectives</h4>To evaluate the efficacy of subcutaneous administration of dexmedetomidine/atipamezole at the Governing Vessel 20 (GV20) acupuncture point compared with other administration routes (intramuscular and intravenous) in dogs presented for orthopaedic radiographs.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Prospective, randomised, blinded, controlled clinical study. Sixty-four client-owned dogs were randomly injected with 200 μg/m<sup>2</sup> of dexmedetomidine intramuscular (lumbar muscles) (n=  ...[more]