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DNA methylation in circulating tumour DNA as a biomarker for cancer.

ABSTRACT: Free circulating DNA, which is thought to be derived from the primary tumour, can be detected in the blood of patients with cancer. Detection of genetic and epigenetic alteration in this tumour DNA offers a potential source of development of prognostic and predictive biomarkers for cancer. One such change is DNA methylation of the promotor region of tumour suppressor genes. This causes down regulation of tumour suppressor gene expression, a frequent event in carcinogenesis. Hypermethylation of the promotor region of a number of genes has been detected in many tumour types and more recently these changes have been detected in circulating tumour DNA. This review will summarise the literature detailing DNA methylation in circulating tumour DNA and discuss some of the current controversies and technical challenges facing its use as a potential biomarker for cancer.

SUBMITTER: Board RE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2717819 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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DNA methylation in circulating tumour DNA as a biomarker for cancer.

Board Ruth E RE Knight Lucy L Greystoke Alastair A Blackhall Fiona H FH Hughes Andrew A Dive Caroline C Ranson Malcolm M

Biomarker insights 20080125

Free circulating DNA, which is thought to be derived from the primary tumour, can be detected in the blood of patients with cancer. Detection of genetic and epigenetic alteration in this tumour DNA offers a potential source of development of prognostic and predictive biomarkers for cancer. One such change is DNA methylation of the promotor region of tumour suppressor genes. This causes down regulation of tumour suppressor gene expression, a frequent event in carcinogenesis. Hypermethylation of t ...[more]

PMID: 19662228

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