Respiratory tract reinfections by the new human Metapneumovirus in an immunocompromised child.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Pelletier G
PROVIDER: S-EPMC2732551 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC2600265 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Trichodysplasia spinulosa polyomavirus causes trichodysplasia spinulosa, a skin infection, in immunocompromised persons, but the virus is rarely detected in respiratory samples. Using PCR, we detected persistent virus in respiratory and skin samples from an immunocompromised boy with respiratory signs but no characteristic skin spicules. This virus may play a role in respiratory illness.
| S-EPMC6106430 | biostudies-other
Project description:Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) has been recognized as an important cause of respiratory tract infections in all age groups and in all geographical area. The role of hMPV in causing respiratory tract infections in Kuwait was not yet investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hMPV infection in Kuwait among patients with respiratory tract infection with respect to other respiratory viruses. During January-December 2009, 460 respiratory samples from 388 patients with respiratory tract infection were collected from different hospitals. They were tested for hMPV RNA by real-time PCR, and for other respiratory viruses by conventional PCR. Out of 388 patients, 110 (28%) were positive for viral respiratory infections; 21 (5.4%) were positive for hMPV, 29 (7.5%) were positive for rhinovirus, 13 (4%) were positive for respiratory syncytial virus, and 10 (3%) were positive for adenovirus. Most (n = 19, 90.5%) of hMPV-positive patients were admitted to the intensive care unit, 76% of them were of age 2 years and below, and 24% of age 59 years and above. All hMPV-positive elderly patients had pneumonia while 50% of hMPV-positive infants had bronchopneumonia. Children with hMPV/rhinovirus co-infection (n = 3, 1%) had recurrent chest infection and frequent intensive care unit admission. The hMPV infection was mostly detected between December and May, and genotype B was more prevalent than genotype A. This is the first study demonstrating the prevalence of hMPV infection in Kuwait, and suggests that hMPV infection is prevalent in infants and elderly patients with lower respiratory tract infection.
| S-EPMC7166577 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a newly described member of the Paramyxoviridae family belonging to the Metapneumovirus genus. Since its initial description in 2001, hMPV has been reported in most parts of the world and isolated from the respiratory tract of subjects from all age groups. Despite the fact that prospective and case-control studies have been limited, the epidemiology and clinical manifestations associated with hMPV have been found to be reminiscent of those of the human respiratory syncytial virus, with most severe respiratory tract infections occurring in infants, elderly subjects, and immunocompromised hosts. Additional research is needed to define the pathogenesis of this viral infection and the host's specific immune response.
| S-EPMC7107938 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundWe sought to determine the role of human metapneumovirus in lower respiratory tract illness in previously healthy infants and children.MethodsWe tested nasal-wash specimens, obtained over a 25-year period from otherwise healthy children presenting with acute respiratory tract illness, for human metapneumovirus.ResultsA viral cause other than human metapneumovirus was determined for 279 of 687 visits for acute lower respiratory tract illness (41 percent) by 463 children in a population of 2009 infants and children prospectively seen from 1976 to 2001. There were 408 visits for lower respiratory tract illness by 321 children for which no cause was identified. Of these 321 children, specimens from 248 were available. Forty-nine of these 248 specimens (20 percent) contained human metapneumovirus RNA or viable virus. Thus, 20 percent of all previously virus-negative lower respiratory tract illnesses were attributable to human metapneumovirus, which means that 12 percent of all lower respiratory tract illnesses in this cohort were most likely due to this virus. The mean age of human metapneumovirus-infected children was 11.6 months, the male:female ratio was 1.8:1, 78 percent of illnesses occurred between December and April, and the hospitalization rate was 2 percent. The virus was associated with bronchiolitis in 59 percent of cases, pneumonia in 8 percent, croup in 18 percent, and an exacerbation of asthma in 14 percent. We also detected human metapneumovirus in 15 percent of samples from 261 patients with upper respiratory tract infection but in only 1 of 86 samples from asymptomatic children.ConclusionsHuman metapneumovirus infection is a leading cause of respiratory tract infection in the first years of life, with a spectrum of disease similar to that of respiratory syncytial virus.
| S-EPMC1831873 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The role of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) in acute otitis media complicating upper respiratory tract infection (URI) was studied. Nasopharyngeal specimens from 700 URI episodes in 200 children were evaluated; 47 (7%) were positive for hMPV, 25 (3.6%) with hMPV as the only virus. Overall, 24% of URI episodes with hMPV only were complicated by acute otitis media, which was the lowest rate compared with other respiratory viruses. hMPV viral load was significantly higher in children with fever, but there was no difference in viral load in children with hMPV-positive URI with or without acute otitis media complication.
| S-EPMC3375353 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the prevalence and clinical manifestations of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) in immunocompetent Chinese adults with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs). METHODS:A reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) assay targeting the P gene was developed in this study and used to detect hMPV in nasal and throat swabs collected from 2936 immunocompetent adult patients with ARTIs in Beijing, China between July 2008 and June 2010. RESULTS:Among the 2936 patients studied, 49 (1.7%) were positive for hMPV, of whom 14 (28.6%) were positive for hMPV_A2b, 19 (38.8%) for hMPV_B1, and 16 (32.6%) for hMPV_B2. hMPV_A1 was not detected. An average detection rate of 6.6% was observed in the peak months of the two epidemic seasons studied. The hMPV prevalence was higher in the sampled elderly (>65 years, 3.2%) than in middle aged adults (25-65 years; 2.0%) and teenagers (14-25 years; 0.9%). During the study period, hMPV infections showed a biennial rhythm of seasonality, peaking from November to March in 2008/09 and from March to June in 2010. CONCLUSION:hMPV infection plays an important role in immunocompetent adults in its epidemic season. The demographic and clinical data presented in this study improves our understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical burden of hMPV infection in adults.
| S-EPMC7112659 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) has recently been recognized as an important respiratory pathogen, especially in children. At present, our understanding of the characteristics of hMPV from China is very limited. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were taken from 310 hospitalized pediatric patients. Twenty (6.5%) of them were infected with hMPV, and they all developed pneumonia. Sixty five percent (13/20) of the cases were under 12 months. Phylogenetic analysis of F gene fragments indicated that three sub-genotypes of hMPV(A2a/A2b, B1,B2) circulated in Tianjin and A2b was the predominant subtype. The Vero-E6 cell line was better than LLC-MK2 for hMPV isolation. Three hMPV strains were successfully isolated using the Vero-E6 cell line.
| S-EPMC7086931 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundUnlike other viruses, the pathogenicity of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) in adults remains uncertain. To address this question, a retrospective monocentric cohort including all patients admitted to ICU with hMPV infection between January 1, 2010, and June 30, 2018 was performed. The characteristics of hMPV infected patients were studied and compared to matched influenza infected patients. Consecutively, a systematic review and meta-analyses investigating PUBMED, EMBASE and COCHRANE databases was conducted to explore the hMPV infections in adult patients (PROSPERO number: CRD42018106617). Trials, case series, and cohorts published between January 1, 2008 and August 31, 2019 compiling adults presenting hMPV infections were included. Pediatric studies were excluded. Data were extracted from published reports. Primary endpoint was the rate of low respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) among all hMPV infected patients.ResultsDuring the study period, 402 patients were tested positive for hMPV. Among them 26 (6.5%) patients were admitted to the ICU, 19 (4.7%) for acute respiratory failure. Twenty-four (92%) were immunocompromised. Bacterial coinfections were frequent 53.8%. Hospital mortality rate was 30.8%. In the case-control analysis, the clinical and imaging characteristics were not different between hMPV and influenza infected patients. The systematic review identified 156 studies and 69 of them (1849 patients) were eligible for analysis. Although there was heterogeneity between the studies, the rate of hMPV LRTIs was 45% (95% CI 31-60%; I2 = 98%). Intensive care unit (ICU) admission was required for 33% (95% CI 21-45%; I2 = 99%). Hospital mortality rate was 10% (95% CI 7-13%; I2 = 83%) and ICU mortality rate was 23% (95% CI 12-34%; I2 = 65%). Underlying malignancy was independently associated with increased mortality rate.ConclusionsThis preliminary work suggested that hMPV may be associated with severe infection and high mortality in patients with underlying malignancies. However, regarding the small size of the cohort and the heterogeneity of the review, more cohort studies are warranted.
| S-EPMC10026215 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Two recently detected viruses, human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63), have been associated with acute respiratory tract infections, particularly in young children. This study investigated the frequency of hMPV and HCoV-NL63 infections in Swedish children by screening 221 nasopharyngeal aspirates, collected between November 2003 and May 2005, from 212 children attending the paediatric department of a county hospital in Sweden or submitted from local general practitioners. The samples were originally submitted to be tested for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and were examined retrospectively for hMPV and HCoV-NL63 by RT-PCR. Of the 212 patients, 101 were positive for RSV (48%), 22 (10%) were positive for hMPV, and 12 (6%) were positive for HCoV-NL63. The frequency of HCoV-NL63 infection increased from 1% in 2003-2004 to 10% in 2004-2005. Sequence analysis of parts of the coronavirus genomes showed considerable similarity to the HCoV-NL63 prototype sequence. The study demonstrated that HCoV-NL63 and hMPV occur in south-west Sweden with essentially the same frequency, seasonal distribution and clinical characteristics as have been reported in other countries.
| S-EPMC7128111 | biostudies-literature