Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Apoptotic force and tissue dynamics during Drosophila embryogenesis.

ABSTRACT: Understanding cell morphogenesis during metazoan development requires knowledge of how cells and the extracellular matrix produce and respond to forces. We investigated how apoptosis, which remodels tissue by eliminating supernumerary cells, also contributes forces to a tissue (the amnioserosa) that promotes cell-sheet fusion (dorsal closure) in the Drosophila embryo. We showed that expression in the amnioserosa of proteins that suppress or enhance apoptosis slows or speeds dorsal closure, respectively. These changes correlate with the forces produced by the amnioserosa and the rate of seam formation between the cell sheets (zipping), key processes that contribute to closure. This apoptotic force is used by the embryo to drive cell-sheet movements during development, a role not classically attributed to apoptosis.

SUBMITTER: Toyama Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2757114 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Apoptotic force and tissue dynamics during Drosophila embryogenesis.

Toyama Yusuke Y Peralta Xomalin G XG Wells Adrienne R AR Kiehart Daniel P DP Edwards Glenn S GS

Science (New York, N.Y.) 20080901 5896

Understanding cell morphogenesis during metazoan development requires knowledge of how cells and the extracellular matrix produce and respond to forces. We investigated how apoptosis, which remodels tissue by eliminating supernumerary cells, also contributes forces to a tissue (the amnioserosa) that promotes cell-sheet fusion (dorsal closure) in the Drosophila embryo. We showed that expression in the amnioserosa of proteins that suppress or enhance apoptosis slows or speeds dorsal closure, respe ...[more]

PMID: 18802000

Similar Datasets

SWATH-MS data of Drosophila melanogaster proteome dynamics during embryogenesis.

Project description:Embryogenesis is one of the most important processes in the life of an animal. During this dynamic process, progressive cell division and cellular differentiation are accompanied by significant changes in protein expression at the level of the proteome. However, very few studies to date have described the dynamics of the proteome during the early development of an embryo in any organism. In this dataset, we monitor changes in protein expression across a timecourse of more than 20 h of Drosophila melanogaster embryonic development. Mass-spectrometry data were produced using a SWATH acquisition mode on a Sciex Triple-TOF 6600. A spectral library built in-house was used to analyse these data and more than 1950 proteins were quantified at each embryonic timepoint. The files presented here are a permanent digital map and can be reanalysed to test against new hypotheses. The data have been deposited with the ProteomeXchange Consortium with the dataset identifier PRIDE: PXD0031078.

| S-EPMC5097952 | biostudies-literature

Mechanical force alters morphogenetic movements and segmental gene expression patterns during Drosophila embryogenesis.

Project description:The development of an organism is accompanied by various cellular morphogenetic movements, changes in cellular as well as nuclear morphology and transcription programs. Recent evidence suggests that intra and inter-cellular connections mediated by various adhesion proteins contribute to defining nuclear morphology. In addition, three dimensional organization of the cell nucleus regulate the transcription programs. However the link between cellular morphogenetic movements and its coupling to nuclear function in a developmental context is poorly understood. In this paper we use a point perturbation by tissue level laser ablation and sheet perturbation by application of force using magnetic tweezers to alter cellular morphogenetic movements and probe its impact on nuclear morphology and segmental gene expression patterns. Mechanical perturbations during blastoderm stage in a developing Drosophila embryo resulted in localized alterations in nuclear morphology and cellular movement. In addition, global defects in germ-band (GB) extension and retraction are observed when external force is applied during morphogenetic movements, suggesting a long-range physical coupling within the GB layer of cells. Further local application of force resulted in redistribution of non muscle myosin-II in the GB layer. Finally these perturbations lead to altered segmental gene (engrailed) expression patterns later during the development. Our observations suggest that there exists a tight regulation between nuclear morphology and cellular adhesive connections during morphogenetic movement of cells in the embryo. The observed spatial changes in patterning genes, with perturbation, highlight the importance of nuclear integrity to cellular movement in establishing gene expression program in a developmental system.

| S-EPMC3310051 | biostudies-literature

Drosophila melanogaster proteome dynamics during embryogenesis - 1

Project description:In this study we use a combination of proteomics Label-Free quantification methods to monitor protein expression changes over a time course of more than 20 hours of embryo development in Drosophila melanogaster.

2016-04-11 | PXD003178 | Pride

In Vivo Force Application Reveals a Fast Tissue Softening and External Friction Increase during Early Embryogenesis.

Project description:During development, cell-generated forces induce tissue-scale deformations to shape the organism [1,2]. The pattern and extent of these deformations depend not solely on the temporal and spatial profile of the generated force fields but also on the mechanical properties of the tissues that the forces act on. It is thus conceivable that, much like the cell-generated forces, the mechanical properties of tissues are modulated during development in order to drive morphogenesis toward specific developmental endpoints. Although many approaches have recently emerged to assess effective mechanical parameters of tissues [3-8], they could not quantitatively relate spatially localized force induction to tissue-scale deformations in vivo. Here, we present a method that overcomes this limitation. Our approach is based on the application of controlled forces on a single microparticle embedded in an individual cell of an embryo. Combining measurements of bead displacement with the analysis of induced deformation fields in a continuum mechanics framework, we quantify material properties of the tissue and follow their changes over time. In particular, we uncover a rapid change in tissue response occurring during Drosophila cellularization, resulting from a softening of the blastoderm and an increase of external friction. We find that the microtubule cytoskeleton is a major contributor to epithelial mechanics at this stage. We identify developmentally controlled modulations in perivitelline spacing that can account for the changes in friction. Overall, our method allows for the measurement of key mechanical parameters governing tissue-scale deformations and flows occurring during morphogenesis.

| S-EPMC6509404 | biostudies-literature

Cell and tissue dynamics during Tribolium embryogenesis revealed by versatile fluorescence labeling approaches.

Project description:Studies on new arthropod models such as the beetle Tribolium castaneum are shifting our knowledge of embryonic patterning and morphogenesis beyond the Drosophila paradigm. In contrast to Drosophila, Tribolium embryos exhibit the short-germ type of development and become enveloped by extensive extra-embryonic membranes, the amnion and serosa. The genetic basis of these processes has been the focus of active research. Here, we complement genetic approaches with live fluorescence imaging of Tribolium embryos to make the link between gene function and morphogenetic cell behaviors during blastoderm formation and differentiation, germband condensation and elongation, and extra-embryonic development. We first show that transient labeling methods result in strong, homogeneous and persistent expression of fluorescent markers in Tribolium embryos, labeling the chromatin, membrane, cytoskeleton or combinations thereof. We then use co-injection of fluorescent markers with dsRNA for live imaging of embryos with disrupted caudal gene function caused by RNA interference. Using these approaches, we describe and compare cell and tissue dynamics in Tribolium embryos with wild-type and altered fate maps. We find that Tribolium germband condensation is effected by cell contraction and intercalation, with the latter being dependent on the anterior-posterior patterning system. We propose that germband condensation drives initiation of amnion folding, whereas expansion of the amniotic fold and closure of the amniotic cavity are likely driven by contraction of an actomyosin cable at the boundary between the amnion and serosa. Our methodology provides a comprehensive framework for testing quantitative models of patterning, growth and morphogenetic mechanisms in Tribolium and other arthropod species.

| S-EPMC3930475 | biostudies-literature

Tissue-specific DNase-seq during Drosophila melanogaster embryogenesis

Project description:Chromatin accessibility mapping by DNase-seq on FACS-isolated cell populations during Drosophila melanogaster embryogenesis (6-8 hrs after egg-laying)

2018-01-29 | E-MTAB-5999 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Metabolome analysis of Drosophila melanogaster during embryogenesis.

Project description:The Drosophila melanogaster embryo has been widely utilized as a model for genetics and developmental biology due to its small size, short generation time, and large brood size. Information on embryonic metabolism during developmental progression is important for further understanding the mechanisms of Drosophila embryogenesis. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the changes in embryos' metabolome that occur at different stages of the Drosophila embryonic development. Time course samples of Drosophila embryos were subjected to GC/MS-based metabolome analysis for profiling of low molecular weight hydrophilic metabolites, including sugars, amino acids, and organic acids. The results showed that the metabolic profiles of Drosophila embryo varied during the course of development and there was a strong correlation between the metabolome and different embryonic stages. Using the metabolome information, we were able to establish a prediction model for developmental stages of embryos starting from their high-resolution quantitative metabolite composition. Among the important metabolites revealed from our model, we suggest that different amino acids appear to play distinct roles in different developmental stages and an appropriate balance in trehalose-glucose ratio is crucial to supply the carbohydrate source for the development of Drosophila embryo.

| S-EPMC4133167 | biostudies-literature

Stress-sensitive dynamics of miRNAs and Elba1 in Drosophila embryogenesis.

Project description:Early-life stress can result in life-long effects that impact adult health and disease risk, but little is known about how such programming is established and maintained. Here, we show that such epigenetic memories can be initiated in the Drosophila embryo before the major wave of zygotic transcription, and higher-order chromatin structures are established. An early short heat shock results in elevated levels of maternal miRNA and reduced levels of a subgroup of zygotic genes in stage 5 embryos. Using a Dicer-1 mutant, we show that the stress-induced decrease in one of these genes, the insulator-binding factor Elba1, is dependent on functional miRNA biogenesis. Reduction in Elba1 correlates with the upregulation of early developmental genes and promotes a sustained weakening of heterochromatin in the adult fly as indicated by an increased expression of the PEV wm4h reporter. We propose that maternal miRNAs, retained in response to an early embryonic heat shock, shape the subsequent de novo heterochromatin establishment that occurs during early development via direct or indirect regulation of some of the earliest expressed genes, including Elba1.

| S-EPMC10167479 | biostudies-literature

MicroRNA Dynamics and Functions During Arabidopsis Embryogenesis.

Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs that mediate the repression of target transcripts in plants and animals. Although miRNAs are required throughout plant development, relatively little is known regarding their embryonic functions. To systematically characterize embryonic miRNAs in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), we developed or applied high-throughput sequencing-based methods to profile hundreds of miRNAs and associated targets throughout embryogenesis. We discovered dozens of miRNAs that dynamically cleave and repress target transcripts, including 30 that encode transcription factors. Transcriptome analyses indicated that these miRNA:target interactions have profound effects on embryonic gene expression programs. Moreover, we demonstrated that the miRNA-mediated repression of six transcription factors are individually required for proper division patterns of various embryonic cell lineages. These data indicate that the miRNA-directed repression of multiple transcription factors is critically important for the establishment of the plant body plan, and they provide a foundation to further investigate how miRNAs contribute to these initial cellular differentiation events.

| S-EPMC6925019 | biostudies-literature

Temporal waves of coherent gene expression during Drosophila embryogenesis.

Project description:MotivationAnimal development depends on localized patterns of gene expression. Whole-genome methods permit the global identification of differential expression patterns. However, most gene-expression-clustering methods focus on the analysis of entire expression profiles, rather than temporal segments or time windows.ResultsIn the current study, local clustering of temporal time windows was applied to developing embryos of the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster. Large-scale developmental events, involving temporal activation of hundreds of genes, were identified as discrete gene clusters. The time-duration analysis revealed six temporal waves of coherent gene expression during Drosophila embryogenesis. The most powerful expression waves preceded major morphogenetic movements, such as germ band elongation and dorsal closure. These waves of gene expression coincide with the inhibition of maternal transcripts during early development, the specification of ectoderm, differentiation of the nervous system, differentiation of the digestive tract, deposition of the larval cuticle and the reorganization of the cytoskeleton during global morphogenetic events. We discuss the implications of these findings with respect to the gene regulatory networks governing Drosophila development.AvailabilityData and software are available from the UC Berkeley web resource http://flydev.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/GTEM/dmap_dm-ag/index_dmap.htm

| S-EPMC3025744 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data