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Chemical synthesis of a hyaluronic acid decasaccharide.

ABSTRACT: The chemical synthesis of a hyaluronic acid decasaccharide using the preactivation-based chemoselective glycosylation strategy is described. Assembly of large oligosaccharides is generally challenging due to the increased difficulties in both glycosylation and deprotection. Indeed, the same building blocks previously employed for hyaluronic acid hexasaccharide syntheses failed to yield the desired decasaccharide. After extensive experimentation, the decasaccharide backbone was successfully constructed with an overall yield of 37% from disaccharide building blocks. The trichloroacetyl group was used as the nitrogen protective group for the glucosamine units, and the addition of TMSOTf was found to be crucial to suppress the formation of trichloromethyl oxazoline side product and enable high glycosylation yield. For deprotections, the combination of a mild basic condition and the monitoring methodology using (1)H NMR allowed the removal of all base-labile protective groups, which facilitated the generation of the fully deprotected HA decasaccharide.

SUBMITTER: Lu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2765671 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Chemical synthesis of a hyaluronic acid decasaccharide.

Lu Xiaowei X Kamat Medha N MN Huang Lijun L Huang Xuefei X

The Journal of organic chemistry 20091001 20

The chemical synthesis of a hyaluronic acid decasaccharide using the preactivation-based chemoselective glycosylation strategy is described. Assembly of large oligosaccharides is generally challenging due to the increased difficulties in both glycosylation and deprotection. Indeed, the same building blocks previously employed for hyaluronic acid hexasaccharide syntheses failed to yield the desired decasaccharide. After extensive experimentation, the decasaccharide backbone was successfully const ...[more]

PMID: 19764799

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Project description:The development and long-term survival of endometriotic lesions is crucially dependent on an adequate vascularization. Hyaluronic acid (HA) through its receptor CD44 has been described to be involved in the process of angiogenesis.To study the effect of HA synthesis inhibition using non-toxic doses of 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) on endometriosis-related angiogenesis.The cytotoxicity of different in vitro doses of 4-MU on endothelial cells was firstly tested by means of a lactate dehydrogenase assay. The anti-angiogenic action of non-cytotoxic doses of 4-MU was then assessed by a rat aortic ring assay. In addition, endometriotic lesions were induced in dorsal skinfold chambers of female BALB/c mice, which were daily treated with an intraperitoneal injection of 0.9% NaCl (vehicle group; n = 6), 20 mg/kg 4-MU (n = 8) or 80 mg/kg 4-MU (n = 7) throughout an observation period of 14 days. The effect of 4-MU on their vascularization, survival and growth were studied by intravital fluorescence microscopy, histology and immunohistochemistry.Non-cytotoxic doses of 4-MU effectively inhibited vascular sprout formation in the rat aortic ring assay. Endometriotic lesions in dorsal skinfold chambers of 4-MU-treated mice dose-dependently exhibited a significantly smaller vascularized area and lower functional microvessel density when compared to vehicle-treated controls. Histological analyses revealed a downregulation of HA expression in 4-MU-treated lesions. This was associated with a reduced density of CD31-positive microvessels within the lesions. In contrast, numbers of PCNA-positive proliferating and cleaved caspase-3-positive apoptotic cells did not differ between 4-MU-treated and control lesions.The present study demonstrates for the first time that targeting the synthesis of HA suppresses angiogenesis in developing endometriotic lesions. Further studies have to clarify now whether in the future this anti-angiogenic effect can be used beneficially for the treatment of endometriosis.

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Chemical synthesis of a hyaluronic acid decasaccharide.

Publications

Chemical synthesis of a hyaluronic acid decasaccharide.

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