Dataset Information

Dietary patterns and glucose tolerance abnormalities in Chinese adults.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To investigate the association of the dietary pattern with the presence of newly diagnosed glucose tolerance abnormalities among Chinese adults.

Research design and methods

A total of 20,210 adults aged 45-69 years from the 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey were included. Information on dietary intake was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Factor analysis and cluster analysis were used to identify the food factors and dietary pattern clusters.

Results

Four dietary pattern clusters were identified ("Green Water," "Yellow Earth," "Western Adopter," and "New Affluence"). The prevalence of glucose tolerance abnormalities ranged from 3.9% in the Green Water to 8.0% in the New Affluence. After adjustment for area, age, sex, current smoking, and physical activity, subjects in the Yellow Earth cluster (prevalence ratio 1.22 [95% CI 1.04-1.43]) and New Affluence cluster (2.05 [1.76-2.37]) had significantly higher prevalence rates compared with those for the Green Water cluster. After further adjustment for BMI and waist-to-height ratio, the elevated risk in the New Affluence remained statistically significant.

Conclusions

Dietary patterns and food factors are associated with the presence of glucose tolerance abnormalities in China, even independent of obesity. A New Affluence diet is an important modifiable risk factor, which needs attention from the prevention point of view.

SUBMITTER: He Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2768212 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Dietary patterns and glucose tolerance abnormalities in Chinese adults.

He Yuna Y Ma Guansheng G Zhai Fengying F Li Yanping Y Hu Yisong Y Feskens Edith J M EJ Yang Xiaoguang X

Diabetes care 20090812 11

<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate the association of the dietary pattern with the presence of newly diagnosed glucose tolerance abnormalities among Chinese adults.<h4>Research design and methods</h4>A total of 20,210 adults aged 45-69 years from the 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey were included. Information on dietary intake was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Factor analysis and cluster analysis were used to identify the food factors and dietary pattern ...[more]

PMID: 19675202

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Several healthful dietary patterns appear to be effective at lowering blood pressure and preventing hypertension. However, the relationship between dietary patterns and hypertension among a representative Chinese population sample is unclear. METHODS: A nationally representative sample of 23 671 participants aged 18-59 years were recruited by the 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey. All participants had their blood pressure measured with standardized mercury sphygmomanometers. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ?140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ?90 mmHg. We conducted factor analysis using dietary information from a validated food frequency questionnaire to derive dietary patterns. Information of participants on physical activities, education level, annual household income, smoking status and family history of hypertension was collected by interviewer-administrated questionnaires. RESULTS: Three major dietary patterns, defined as 'Western', 'traditional northern', and 'traditional southern', were identified. Participants with the highest quartile for the score of the Western pattern had significantly higher blood pressure comparing with counterparts in the lowest quartile. In contrast, participants in the top quartile for the score of the traditional southern pattern presented significantly lower blood pressure comparing with counterparts in the lowest quartile. In multivariate analyses the traditional northern pattern score was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.30 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-1.53, P for trend = 0.0001) comparing with the lowest quartile. The OR for the top quartile of score for the traditional southern pattern was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.59-0.89, P for trend = 0.0040) compared with the lowest quartile of traditional southern pattern score. However, the significant association between the traditional northern pattern and prevalence of hypertension disappeared after further adjusting for body mass index (BMI) (P for trend = 0.3), whereas the association between the traditional southern pattern and prevalence of hypertension persisted after further adjusting for BMI (P for trend = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: We observed a positive relationship between the traditional northern pattern and hypertension that was mediated through differences in BMI. In addition, the traditional southern pattern was significantly associated with lower odds of presenting with hypertension.

Project description:Importance:Whether the metabolically healthy overweight (MHO) phenotype is resistant to metabolic abnormalities remains unknown. Objective:To evaluate the association of MHO with glucose level abnormalities and high blood pressure (BP) in Chinese adults. Design, Setting, and Participants:This prospective cohort study was conducted from January 1, 2013, to October 31, 2018, in the Health Management Center at Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai, China, using data from 55 155 recruited Chinese adults. Body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, and BP were measured annually. Exposures:Metabolically healthy overweight was defined as a body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) of 24.0 in 2013 (baseline) and 2014, no history of metabolic diseases, and normal FBG level, HbA1c level, BP, lipid profile, serum uric acid level, and liver ultrasonographic findings at baseline; the remaining participants were defined as being metabolically healthy normal. Main Outcomes and Measures:Glucose level abnormality was confirmed if the FBG level was 101 mg/dL or greater or the HbA1c level was 5.7%, and high BP was confirmed if the systolic BP was 130 mm Hg or higher or the diastolic BP was 80 mm Hg or higher at least twice during the subsequent 4 years of follow-up. Results:A total of 3204 metabolically healthy Chinese adults (mean [SD] age, 39.8 [10.9] years; 1940 women [60.5%]) were included in the study. The prevalence of MHO was 7.0%. A total of 146 incident cases of glucose level abnormality and 220 cases of high BP during 4 years of follow-up were identified. Compared with the metabolically healthy normal group, the MHO group had a higher risk of glucose level abnormality (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.52-3.64) and high BP (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.18-2.53) after adjusting for several potential confounders. Conclusions and Relevance:Metabolically healthy overweight may be associated with a high future risk of glucose abnormality and high BP in Chinese adults. If the individuals are confirmed with MHO, early interventions, including diet and exercise, should be recommended to decrease the risk of developing abnormalities of glucose and BP.

Project description:BackgroundThe effect of the overall diet quality on cardiometabolic diseases has been well studied in the Western population. However, evidence is still in need regarding dietary patterns depicting unique Chinese dietary habits and their associations with cardiometabolic diseases.MethodsA prospective cohort recruited around 0.5 million Chinese residents aged 30-79 years from 10 diverse survey sites during 2004-08. Dietary patterns were obtained using factor analysis based on the habitual consumption of 12 food groups collected at baseline. Among 477,465 eligible participants free of prior heart disease, stroke and cancer, linkages to multiple registries and health insurance database recorded 137,715 cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and 17,412 diabetes cases (among 451,846 non-diabetic participants) until 31 December 2017. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated to compare the risks of cardiometabolic diseases across quintiles of dietary pattern scores using the Cox regression.ResultsTwo dietary patterns were derived: the traditional northern pattern, characterised by wheat, other staples, egg and dairy products; and the modern pattern, featured with fresh fruit, meat, poultry, fish, dairy products and soybean. Adherence to either dietary pattern was associated with lower risks of major cardiometabolic diseases in a dose-response relationship way. After multivariate adjustment, participants adhering to the traditional northern pattern the most had an 8% (95%CI: 5-11%) lower risk of CVD in comparison with those adhering the least. Corresponding risk reductions were 12% (11-32%) for haemorrhagic stroke (HS), 14% (8-19%) for ischaemic stroke (IS), and 15% (6-24%) for diabetes, respectively. When comparing extreme quintiles of the modern pattern, the adjusted HR of HS was 0.67 (95%CI: 0.59-0.77). Corresponding HRs were 0.89 (0.86-0.92) for CVD, 0.88 (0.77-0.99) for MCE, 0.85 (0.80-0.89) for IS, and 0.89 (0.81, 0.97) for diabetes.ConclusionAmong Chinese adults, both traditional northern and modern dietary patterns were associated with lower risks of cardiovascular disease and diabetes beyond other risk factors.

Dataset Information

Dietary patterns and glucose tolerance abnormalities in Chinese adults.

Objective

Research design and methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Dietary patterns and glucose tolerance abnormalities in Chinese adults.

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