Dataset Information

Sleep apnea in young abstinent recreational MDMA ("ecstasy") consumers.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") is a popular recreational drug of abuse and a selective brain serotonin neurotoxin. Functional consequences of MDMA neurotoxicity have defied ready characterization. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common form of sleep-disordered breathing in which brain serotonin dysfunction may play a role. The present study sought to determine whether abstinent recreational MDMA users have an increased prevalence of OSA.

Methods

We studied 71 medically healthy recreational MDMA users and 62 control subjects using all-night sleep polysomnography in a controlled inpatient research setting. Rates of apneas, hypopneas, and apnea hypopnea indices were compared in the 2 groups, controlling for body mass index, age, race, and gender.

Results

Recreational MDMA users who had been drug free for at least 2 weeks had significantly increased rates of obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea compared with controls. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for sleep apnea (mild, moderate, and severe combined) in MDMA users during non-REM sleep was 8.5 (2.4-30.4), which was greater than that associated with obesity [6.9 (1.7-28.2)]. Severity of OSA was significantly related to lifetime MDMA exposure.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that prior recreational methylenedioxymethamphetamine use increases the risk for obstructive sleep apnea and lend support to the notion that brain serotonin neuronal dysfunction plays a role in the pathophysiology of sleep apnea.

SUBMITTER: McCann UD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2790228 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Sleep apnea in young abstinent recreational MDMA ("ecstasy") consumers.

McCann Una D UD Sgambati Francis P FP Schwartz Alan R AR Ricaurte George A GA

Neurology 20091202 23

<h4>Background</h4>Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") is a popular recreational drug of abuse and a selective brain serotonin neurotoxin. Functional consequences of MDMA neurotoxicity have defied ready characterization. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common form of sleep-disordered breathing in which brain serotonin dysfunction may play a role. The present study sought to determine whether abstinent recreational MDMA users have an increased prevalence of OSA.<h4>Methods</h4>We s ...[more]

PMID: 19955499

Similar Datasets

Project description:Rationale: Prior research studies on the association of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and pain intensity have examined older patients; there is a need to understand the relationship between OSA and pain intensity among younger adults.Objectives: To examine whether young adults with diagnosed OSA are more likely to report higher pain intensity compared with those without OSA.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of a cohort study of Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation New Dawn veterans who had at least one visit to a Veterans Health Administration primary care clinic between 2001 and 2014. OSA was identified using one inpatient or two outpatient International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes from electronic medical records. Average pain intensity (based on the self-reported 0-10 numeric rating scale over a 12-month period) was categorized as no pain/mild (0-3; no pain) and moderate/severe (4-10; significant pain). Covariates included age, sex, education, race, mental health diagnoses, headache diagnoses, pain diagnoses, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index, and smoking status. Multivariate logistic regression models were used, and multiple imputation was performed to generate values for missing variables.Results: We identified 858,226 young adults (mean age 30 yr [SD = 7]), of whom 91,244 (10.6%) had a diagnosis of OSA and 238,587 (27.8%) reported moderate/severe pain for the 12-month average. with young adults without OSA, those with OSA were more likely to report moderate/severe pain intensity (adjusted odds ratio, 1.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.11) even after controlling for covariates.Conclusions: We found that young adults with OSA have greater odds of comorbid moderate/severe pain. Because of the high prevalence of chronic pain in younger adults, this study highlights the need to understand the impact of OSA diagnosis and treatment on pain intensity. Future work is needed to determine the role of effective OSA treatment on pain intensity over time in these young adults.

Dataset Information

Sleep apnea in young abstinent recreational MDMA ("ecstasy") consumers.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Sleep apnea in young abstinent recreational MDMA ("ecstasy") consumers.

Similar Datasets

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