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Frequency transitions in odor-evoked neural oscillations.

ABSTRACT: In many species, sensory stimuli elicit the oscillatory synchronization of groups of neurons. What determines the properties of these oscillations? In the olfactory system of the moth, we found that odors elicited oscillatory synchronization through a neural mechanism like that described in locust and Drosophila. During responses to long odor pulses, oscillations suddenly slowed as net olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) output decreased; thus, stimulus intensity appeared to determine oscillation frequency. However, changing the concentration of the odor had little effect upon oscillatory frequency. Our recordings in vivo and computational models based on these results suggested that the main effect of increasing odor concentration was to recruit additional, less well-tuned ORNs whose firing rates were tightly constrained by adaptation and saturation. Thus, in the periphery, concentration is encoded mainly by the size of the responsive ORN population, and oscillation frequency is set by the adaptation and saturation of this response.

SUBMITTER: Ito I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2799931 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Frequency transitions in odor-evoked neural oscillations.

Ito Iori I Bazhenov Maxim M Ong Rose Chik-ying RC Raman Baranidharan B Stopfer Mark M

Neuron 20091201 5

In many species, sensory stimuli elicit the oscillatory synchronization of groups of neurons. What determines the properties of these oscillations? In the olfactory system of the moth, we found that odors elicited oscillatory synchronization through a neural mechanism like that described in locust and Drosophila. During responses to long odor pulses, oscillations suddenly slowed as net olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) output decreased; thus, stimulus intensity appeared to determine oscillation fr ...[more]

PMID: 20005825

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Project description:BackgroundApproaches to predictably control neural oscillations are needed to understand their causal role in brain function in healthy or diseased states and to advance the development of neuromodulation therapies.ObjectiveWe present a closed-loop neural control and optimization framework to actively suppress or amplify low-frequency neural oscillations observed in local field potentials in real-time by using electrical stimulation. The rationale behind this control approach and our working hypothesis is that neural oscillatory activity evoked by electrical pulses can suppress or amplify spontaneous oscillations via destructive or constructive interference when the pulses are continuously delivered with appropriate amplitudes and at precise phases of the modulated oscillations in a closed-loop scheme.MethodsWe tested our hypothesis in two nonhuman primates that exhibited a robust increase in low-frequency (8-30 Hz) oscillatory power in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) following administration of the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). To test our neural control approach, we targeted 8-17 Hz oscillations and used electrode arrays and electrical stimulation waveforms similar to those used in humans chronically implanted with brain stimulation systems. Stimulation parameters that maximize the suppression or amplification of neural oscillations were predicted using mathematical models of the stimulation evoked oscillations.ResultsOur neural control and optimization approach was capable of actively and robustly suppressing or amplifying oscillations in the targeted frequency band (8-17 Hz) in real-time in the studied subjects.ConclusionsThe results from this study support our hypothesis and suggest that the proposed neural control framework allows one to characterize in controlled experiments the functional role of frequency-specific neural oscillations by using electrodes and stimulation waveforms currently being employed in humans.

Dataset Information

Frequency transitions in odor-evoked neural oscillations.

Publications

Frequency transitions in odor-evoked neural oscillations.

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