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Evidence for pleistocene population divergence and expansion of Anopheles albimanus in Southern Central America.

ABSTRACT: The micro-geographic structure of Anopheles albimanus was studied in southern Central America using partial sequences of the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (COI). Analysis of molecular variance supported significant genetic structure between populations from Costa Rica and western Panama versus those from central-eastern Panama (Phi(CT) = 0.33), whereas the within group divergence was shallow and statistically insignificant (Phi(ST) = 0.08). Furthermore, a statistical parsimony network depicted three divergent groups of haplotypes that were not evenly distributed across the study area. Our findings are in partial agreement with previous studies, yet they do not support physical barriers to gene flow or contemporary isolation by distance in this region. Instead, three co-occurring groups of An. albimanus may be the result of multiple introductions, most likely caused by historical fragmentation and subsequent secondary contact. In addition, the molecular signature of population expansion of An. albimanus was detected in central-eastern Panama approximately 22,000 years ago (95% confidence interval [CI] 10,183-38,169). We hypothesize that the population structure of An. albimanus, as determined by our COI locus analysis, is the result of late Pleistocene climatic changes in northern South America.

SUBMITTER: Loaiza JR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2803528 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Evidence for pleistocene population divergence and expansion of Anopheles albimanus in Southern Central America.

Loaiza Jose R JR Scott Marilyn E ME Bermingham Eldredge E Rovira Jose J Conn Jan E JE

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 20100101 1

The micro-geographic structure of Anopheles albimanus was studied in southern Central America using partial sequences of the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (COI). Analysis of molecular variance supported significant genetic structure between populations from Costa Rica and western Panama versus those from central-eastern Panama (Phi(CT) = 0.33), whereas the within group divergence was shallow and statistically insignificant (Phi(ST) = 0.08). Furthermore, a statistical parsimony network ...[more]

PMID: 20065014

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Project description:The distributions of many Northern Hemisphere organisms have been influenced by fluctuations in sea level and climatic conditions during Pleistocene interglacial periods. These cycles are associated with range contraction and refugia for northern-distributed organisms as a response to glaciers. However, lower sea levels in the tropics and sub-tropics created available habitat for expansion of the ranges of freshwater organisms. The goal of this study was to use ecological niche modeling to test the hypothesis of north to south range expansion of Vieja maculicauda associated with Pleistocene glacial cycles. Understanding the biogeography of this widespread species may help us better understand the geology and interconnectivity of Central American freshwaters. Occurrence data for V. maculicauda was based on georeferencing of all museum records of specimens recovered from FishNet2. General patterns of phylogeographic structure were assessed with mtDNA. Present day niche models were generated and subsequently projected onto paleoclimatic maps of the region during the Last Interglacial, Last Glacial Maximum, and mid-Holocene. Phylogenetic analysis of mtDNA sequence data showed no phylogeographic structure throughout the range of this widespread species. Present day niche models were congruent with the observed distribution of V. maculicauda in Central America. Results showed a lack of suitable freshwater habitat in northern Central America and Mexico during the Last Interglacial, with greatest range expansion during the Last Glacial Maximum and mid-Holocene. Results support the hypothesis of a north to south range expansion of V. maculicauda associated with glacial cycles. The wide distribution of this species compared to other closely related cichlids indicates the latter did not respond to the degree of V. maculicauda in expansion of their distributions. Future work aimed at comparisons with other species and modeling of future climatic scenarios will be a fruitful area of investigation.

Dataset Information

Evidence for pleistocene population divergence and expansion of Anopheles albimanus in Southern Central America.

Publications

Evidence for pleistocene population divergence and expansion of Anopheles albimanus in Southern Central America.

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