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Novel sequence feature variant type analysis of the HLA genetic association in systemic sclerosis.

ABSTRACT: We describe a novel approach to genetic association analyses with proteins sub-divided into biologically relevant smaller sequence features (SFs), and their variant types (VTs). SFVT analyses are particularly informative for study of highly polymorphic proteins such as the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), given the nature of its genetic variation: the high level of polymorphism, the pattern of amino acid variability, and that most HLA variation occurs at functionally important sites, as well as its known role in organ transplant rejection, autoimmune disease development and response to infection. Further, combinations of variable amino acid sites shared by several HLA alleles (shared epitopes) are most likely better descriptors of the actual causative genetic variants. In a cohort of systemic sclerosis patients/controls, SFVT analysis shows that a combination of SFs implicating specific amino acid residues in peptide binding pockets 4 and 7 of HLA-DRB1 explains much of the molecular determinant of risk.

SUBMITTER: Karp DR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2807365 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Novel sequence feature variant type analysis of the HLA genetic association in systemic sclerosis.

Karp David R DR Marthandan Nishanth N Marsh Steven G E SG Ahn Chul C Arnett Frank C FC Deluca David S DS Diehl Alexander D AD Dunivin Raymond R Eilbeck Karen K Feolo Michael M Guidry Paula A PA Helmberg Wolfgang W Lewis Suzanna S Mayes Maureen D MD Mungall Chris C Natale Darren A DA Peters Bjoern B Petersdorf Effie E Reveille John D JD Smith Barry B Thomson Glenys G Waller Matthew J MJ Scheuermann Richard H RH

Human molecular genetics 20091118 4

We describe a novel approach to genetic association analyses with proteins sub-divided into biologically relevant smaller sequence features (SFs), and their variant types (VTs). SFVT analyses are particularly informative for study of highly polymorphic proteins such as the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), given the nature of its genetic variation: the high level of polymorphism, the pattern of amino acid variability, and that most HLA variation occurs at functionally important sites, as well as it ...[more]

PMID: 19933168

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Project description:ImportanceAlthough multiple HLA alleles associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) risk have been identified, genotype-phenotype studies in the HLA region remain scarce and inconclusive.ObjectivesTo investigate whether MS risk-associated HLA alleles also affect disease phenotypes.Design, setting, and participantsA cross-sectional, case-control study comprising 652 patients with MS who had comprehensive phenotypic information and 455 individuals of European origin serving as controls was conducted at a single academic research site. Patients evaluated at the Multiple Sclerosis Center at University of California, San Francisco between July 2004 and September 2005 were invited to participate. Spinal cord imaging in the data set was acquired between July 2013 and March 2014; analysis was performed between December 2014 and December 2015.Main outcomes and measuresCumulative HLA genetic burden (HLAGB) calculated using the most updated MS-associated HLA alleles vs clinical and magnetic resonance imaging outcomes, including age at onset, disease severity, conversion time from clinically isolated syndrome to clinically definite MS, fractions of cortical and subcortical gray matter and cerebral white matter, brain lesion volume, spinal cord gray and white matter areas, upper cervical cord area, and the ratio of gray matter to the upper cervical cord area. Multivariate modeling was applied separately for each sex data set.ResultsOf the 652 patients with MS, 586 had no missing genetic data and were included in the HLAGB analysis. In these 586 patients (404 women [68.9%]; mean [SD] age at disease onset, 33.6 [9.4] years), HLAGB was higher than in controls (median [IQR], 0.7 [0-1.4] and 0 [-0.3 to 0.5], respectively; P = 1.8 × 10-27). A total of 619 (95.8%) had relapsing-onset MS and 27 (4.2%) had progressive-onset MS. No significant difference was observed between relapsing-onset MS and primary progressive MS. A higher HLAGB was associated with younger age at onset and the atrophy of subcortical gray matter fraction in women with relapsing-onset MS (standard β = -1.20 × 10-1; P = 1.7 × 10-2 and standard β = -1.67 × 10-1; P = 2.3 × 10-4, respectively), which were driven mainly by the HLA-DRB1*15:01 haplotype. In addition, we observed the distinct role of the HLA-A*24:02-B*07:02-DRB1*15:01 haplotype among the other common DRB1*15:01 haplotypes and a nominally protective effect of HLA-B*44:02 to the subcortical gray atrophy (standard β = -1.28 × 10-1; P = 5.1 × 10-3 and standard β = 9.52 × 10-2; P = 3.6 × 10-2, respectively).Conclusions and relevanceWe confirm and extend previous observations linking HLA MS susceptibility alleles with disease progression and specific clinical and magnetic resonance imaging phenotypic traits.

Dataset Information

Novel sequence feature variant type analysis of the HLA genetic association in systemic sclerosis.

Publications

Novel sequence feature variant type analysis of the HLA genetic association in systemic sclerosis.

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