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DEP and AFO regulate reproductive habit in rice.

ABSTRACT: Sexual reproduction is essential for the life cycle of most angiosperms. However, pseudovivipary is an important reproductive strategy in some grasses. In this mode of reproduction, asexual propagules are produced in place of sexual reproductive structures. However, the molecular mechanism of pseudovivipary still remains a mystery. In this work, we found three naturally occurring mutants in rice, namely, phoenix (pho), degenerative palea (dep), and abnormal floral organs (afo). Genetic analysis of them indicated that the stable pseudovivipary mutant pho was a double mutant containing both a Mendelian mutation in DEP and a non-Mendelian mutation in AFO. Further map-based cloning and microarray analysis revealed that dep mutant was caused by a genetic alteration in OsMADS15 while afo was caused by an epigenetic mutation in OsMADS1. Thus, OsMADS1 and OsMADS15 are both required to ensure sexual reproduction in rice and mutations of them lead to the switch of reproductive habit from sexual to asexual in rice. For the first time, our results reveal two regulators for sexual and asexual reproduction modes in flowering plants. In addition, our findings also make it possible to manipulate the reproductive strategy of plants, at least in rice.

SUBMITTER: Wang K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2809758 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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DEP and AFO regulate reproductive habit in rice.

Wang Kejian K Tang Ding D Hong Lilan L Xu Wenying W Huang Jian J Li Ming M Gu Minghong M Xue Yongbiao Y Cheng Zhukuan Z

PLoS genetics 20100122 1

Sexual reproduction is essential for the life cycle of most angiosperms. However, pseudovivipary is an important reproductive strategy in some grasses. In this mode of reproduction, asexual propagules are produced in place of sexual reproductive structures. However, the molecular mechanism of pseudovivipary still remains a mystery. In this work, we found three naturally occurring mutants in rice, namely, phoenix (pho), degenerative palea (dep), and abnormal floral organs (afo). Genetic analysis ...[more]

PMID: 20107517

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Project description:Gene expression throughout the reproductive process in rice (Oryza sativa) beginning with primordia development through pollination/fertilization to zygote formation was analyzed. We analyzed 25 stages/organs of rice reproductive development including early microsporogenesis stages with 57,381 probe sets, and identified around 26,000 expressed probe sets in each stage. Fine dissection of 25 reproductive stages/organs combined with detailed microarray profiling revealed dramatic, coordinated and finely tuned changes in gene expression. Decrease of expressed genes in the pollen maturation process was observed in a similar way with Arabidopsis and maize. An almost equal number of ab initio predicted genes and cloned genes appeared or disappeared coordinated with developmental stage progression. A large number of organ-/stage-specific genes were identified; notably 2,593 probe sets for developing anther, including 932 probe sets corresponding to ab initio predicted genes. Analysis of cell cycle-related genes revealed that several CDKs, cyclins and components of SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes were expressed specifically in reproductive organs. Cell wall biosynthesis or degradation protein genes and transcription factor genes expressed specifically in reproductive stages were also newly identified. Rice genes homologous to reproduction-related genes in other plants showed expression profiles both consistent and inconsistent with their predicted functions. The rice reproductive expression atlas is likely to be the deepest and most comprehensive dataset available, indispensable for unraveling functions of many specific genes in plant reproductive processes that have not yet been thoroughly analyzed. This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE13988: Rice expression atlas (1): Anther development GSE14298: Rice expression atlas (2): Pollination - Fertilization GSE14299: Rice expression atlas (3): Early embryogenesis GSE14300: Rice expression atlas (4): Vegetative tissues GSE14301: Rice expression atlas (5): Anther development (Agilent data) Refer to individual Series

Project description:Plants initially undergo a period of vegetative development, in which it produces leaves from shoot apical meristem (SAM) and roots from the root apical meristem. Later in development, the SAM undergoes a change in fate and enters reproductive development called as floral transition, producing flowers and seeds. Our understanding of the molecular and genetic mechanisms that underlie reproductive development in plants has increased tremendously in the past decade, essentially through the work on Arabidopsis. In this study, we have analyzed the spatial and temporal gene expression in various tissues/organs and developmental stages of rice using microarray technology to identify the genes differentially expressed during various stages of reproductive development. Experiment Overall Design: Various rice tissues/organs (seedling root, mature leaf and Y leaf) and stages of reproductive (panicle and seed) development were used for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. Three biological replicates of each sample were used for microarray analysis. We sought to obtain developmental and temporal gene expression profiles at each stage to identify the differentially expressed genes. Different stages of panicle and seed development have been categorized according to panicle length and days after pollination, respectively, based on landmark developmental events as follows: up to 0.5 mm, shoot apical meristem and rachis meristem (SAM); 0-3 cm, floral transition and floral organ development (P1); 3-10 cm, meiotic stage (P2 and P3); 10-15 cm, young microspore stage (P4); 15-22 cm, vacuolated pollen stage (P5); 22-30 cm, mature pollen stage (P6); 0-2 dap, early globular embryo (S1); 3-4 dap, middle and late globular embryo (S2); 5-10 dap, embryo morphogenesis (S3); 11-20 dap, embryo maturation (S4); 21-29, dormancy and desiccation tolerance (S5). These stage specifications are approximations based on information from Itoh et al., 2005, Plant Cell Physiol, 46, 23-47.

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DEP and AFO regulate reproductive habit in rice.

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DEP and AFO regulate reproductive habit in rice.

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