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Association study of phosphodiesterase genes in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression sample.

ABSTRACT: A recent study has reported a significant association of variants in phosphodiesterase (PDE) genes with antidepressant treatment outcome in a Mexican American sample. We set out to investigate these findings in a large sample of patients from the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study. STAR*D is a longitudinal study of antidepressant outcome in depressed outpatients. We genotyped three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PDE11A (rs1880916), PDE1A (rs1549870), and PDE9A (rs729861) for replication and we also report three additional SNPs in PDE11A (rs3770016, rs4893975, rs6433687) that had been genotyped for a previous study. Single marker analysis of remission within the Hispanic subsamples (n=268) revealed no significant evidence of association with markers in PDE11A, PDE9A, or PDE1A. Additional analyses of remission within the total STAR*D sample (n=1914) were also largely negative, as were analyses utilizing a narrower definition of remission. Haplotype analyses were carried out with the four PDE11A SNPs we genotyped; these also failed to show significant evidence of association in the STAR*D sample. In conclusion, we could not reproduce the reported association between PDE genes and antidepressant outcome in a sample of participants comparable to that reported previously. We conclude that PDE11A, PDE9A, and PDE1A are unlikely to play an important role in antidepressant outcome in this sample.

SUBMITTER: Cabanero M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2819180 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association study of phosphodiesterase genes in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression sample.

Cabanero Michael M Laje Gonzalo G Detera-Wadleigh Sevilla S McMahon Francis J FJ

Pharmacogenetics and genomics 20090301 3

A recent study has reported a significant association of variants in phosphodiesterase (PDE) genes with antidepressant treatment outcome in a Mexican American sample. We set out to investigate these findings in a large sample of patients from the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study. STAR*D is a longitudinal study of antidepressant outcome in depressed outpatients. We genotyped three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PDE11A (rs1880916), PDE1A (rs1549870), ...[more]

PMID: 19214142

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Project description:BackgroundPhosphodiesterases (PDEs) have been associated with psychiatric disorders in observational studies; however, the causality of associations remains unestablished.MethodsSpecifically, cyclic nucleotide PDEs were collected from genome-wide association studies (GWASs), including PDEs obtained by hydrolyzing both cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) (PDE1A, PDE2A, and PDE3A), specific to cGMP (PDE5A, PDE6D, and PDE9A) and cAMP (PDE4D and PDE7A). We performed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the relationship between PDEs and nine psychiatric disorders. The inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger, and weighted median were used to estimate causal effects. The Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR Steiger test, leave-one-out analyses, funnel plot, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) were used for sensitivity analyses.ResultsThe PDEs specific to cAMP were associated with higher-odds psychiatric disorders. For example, PDE4D and schizophrenia (SCZ) (odds ratios (OR) = 1.0531, PIVW = 0.0414), as well as major depressive disorder (MDD) (OR = 1.0329, PIVW = 0.0011). Similarly, PDE7A was associated with higher odds of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (OR = 1.0861, PIVW = 0.0038). Exploring specific PDE subtypes and increase intracellular cAMP levels can inform the development of targeted interventions. We also observed PDEs (which hydrolyzes both cAMP and cGMP) was associated with psychiatric disorders [OR of PDE1A was 1.0836 for autism spectrum disorder; OR of PDE2A was 0.8968 for Tourette syndrome (TS) and 0.9449 for SCZ; and OR of PDE3A was 0.9796 for MDD; P < 0.05]. Furthermore, psychiatric disorders also had some causal effects on PDEs [obsessive-compulsive disorder on increased PDE6D and decreased PDE2A and PDE4D; anorexia nervosa on decreased PDE9A]. The results of MR were found to be robust using multiple sensitivity analysis.ConclusionsIn this study, potential causal relationships between plasma PDE proteins and psychiatric disorders were established. Exploring other PDE subtypes not included in this study could provide a more comprehensive understanding of the role of PDEs in psychiatric disorders. The development of specific medications targeting PDE subtypes may be a promising therapeutic approach for treating psychiatric disorders.

Dataset Information

Association study of phosphodiesterase genes in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression sample.

Publications

Association study of phosphodiesterase genes in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression sample.

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