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Cortinarius mahiquesii, a new subhypogeous species from Catalonia (Iberian Peninsula).

ABSTRACT: We describe and comment on a new species of Cortinarius (Basidiomycota), C. mahiquesii, collected in a pure Cistus monspeliensis scrub community in Catalonia (NE of the Iberian Peninsula). Drawings of microscopic characters, scanning microphotographs of the basidiospores, and colour pictures of the basidiomes in their natural habitat are provided. A molecular analysis was carried out to characterize the new species using ITS sequences.

SUBMITTER: Vila J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2846133 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cortinarius mahiquesii, a new subhypogeous species from Catalonia (Iberian Peninsula).

Vila J J Ortega A A Suárez-Santiago V N VN Llimona X X

Persoonia 20081112

We describe and comment on a new species of Cortinarius (Basidiomycota), C. mahiquesii, collected in a pure Cistus monspeliensis scrub community in Catalonia (NE of the Iberian Peninsula). Drawings of microscopic characters, scanning microphotographs of the basidiospores, and colour pictures of the basidiomes in their natural habitat are provided. A molecular analysis was carried out to characterize the new species using ITS sequences. ...[more]

PMID: 20396585

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Project description:BackgroundThis study has focused on the Garrigues district, one of the most arid regions in Catalonia (NE Iberian Peninsula), which, in general terms, has remained unexplored from the ethnobotanical point of view. This area, of 22,243 inhabitants, comprises 33 municipalities distributed across 1123.12?km2. The natural vegetation is dominated by holm oak forests and maquis called 'garriga', the latter giving its name to the district. During the last few decades, this landscape has been transformed by agricultural activities, nowadays in recession. The main aim of this work was to collect and analyse the ethnoflora of this area in order to fill a gap in the ethnobotanical knowledge in Catalonia.MethodsThe followed methodology was based on semi-structured interviews. The obtained data have been qualitatively and quantitatively analysed and compared with other available ones.ResultsData were gathered from 68 interviews involving 101 informants, whose ages range from 24 to 94, the mean being 73.07. The number of taxa reported in this study was 420, belonging to 99 botanical families. The interviewed informants referred 4715 use reports (UR) of 346 useful taxa, 1741 (36.93) of them corresponding to medicinal uses, 1705 (36.16%) to food uses, and 1269 (26.91%) to other uses. This study has inventoried, apart from individual plant uses, 260 plant mixtures, of which 98 are medicinal and 162 food. In the present study, 849 vernacular names with 116 phonetic variants have been collected, as well, for 410 taxa. The informant consensus factor (FIC) obtained for our interviewees is 0.93, and the ethnobotanicity index is 23.47% for the studied area. Apart from plants belonging to the typical Catalan, Iberian or European ethnofloras, the present work contributes information on some plants from semiarid or arid regions, such as Artemisia herba-alba and Plantago albicans, much rarer in the ethnobotany of the quoted areas.ConclusionsThe results of this study reveal the persistence of ethnobotanical knowledge in the prospected area and the importance of filling the existing gaps in the ethnofloristic sampling of the Catalan territories. The almost complete dataset, now including some arid territories, will allow us to carry out a global analysis and to provide an accurate overview.

Project description:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:The discovery of a new species, Haplophyllum bastetanum F.B. Navarro, V.N. Suárez-Santiago & Blanca sp. nov., in the south-east of Spain has prompted the comparative study of species of the Iberian Peninsula, and others related, through morphological, cytogenetic, molecular, distributional and ecological characterization. METHODS:The morphological study involved a quantitative analysis of the species present in the Iberian Peninsula and a comparative analysis of the morphological characteristics between H. bastetanum and other related species. Mitotic analyses were made with root meristems taken from germinating seeds. Phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA were performed using neighbour-joining (NJ) and maximum-parsimony methods. KEY RESULTS:Haplophyllum bastetanum is a diploid species (2n = 18) distinguished primarily for its non-trifoliate glabrous leaves, lanceolate sepals, dark-green petals with a dorsal band of hairs, and a highly hairy ovary with round-apex locules. The other two Iberian species (H. linifolium and H. rosmarinifolium) are tetraploid (2n = 36) and have yellow petals. Both phylogenetic methods generated a well-supported clade grouping H. linifolium with H. rosmarinifolium. In the NJ tree, the H. linifolium-H. rosmarinifolium clade is a sister group to H. bastetanum, while in the parsimony analysis this occurred only when the gaps were coded as a fifth base and the characters were reweighted according to the rescaled consistency index. This latter group is supported by the sequence divergence among taxa. CONCLUSIONS:The phylogenies established from DNA sequences together with morphological and cytogenetic analyses support the separation of H. bastetanum as a new species. The results suggest that the change in the number of chromosomes may be the key mechanism of speciation of the genus Haplophyllum in the Iberian Peninsula. An evolutionary scheme for them is propounded.

Dataset Information

Cortinarius mahiquesii, a new subhypogeous species from Catalonia (Iberian Peninsula).

Publications

Cortinarius mahiquesii, a new subhypogeous species from Catalonia (Iberian Peninsula).

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