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Personality and Psychopathology: a Theory-Based Revision of Eysenck's PEN Model.

ABSTRACT: The principal aim of this paper is to investigate whether it is possible to create a personality taxonomy of clinical relevance out of Eysenck's original PEN model by repairing the various shortcomings that can be noted in Eysenck's personality theory, particularly in relation to P or Psychoticism. Addressing three approaches that have been followed to answer the question 'which personality factors are basic?', arguments are listed to show that particularly the theory-informed approach, originally defended by Eysenck, may lead to scientific progress. However, also noting the many deficiencies in the nomological network surrounding P, the peculiar situation arises that we adhere to Eysenck's theory-informed methodology, but criticize his theory. These arguments and criticisms led to the replacement of P by three orthogonal and theory-based factors, Insensitivity (S), Orderliness (G), and Absorption (A), that together with the dimensions E or Extraversion and N or Neuroticism, that were retained from Eysenck's PEN model, appear to give a comprehensive account of the main vulnerability factors in schizophrenia and affective disorders, as well as in other psychopathological conditions.

SUBMITTER: van Kampen D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2858518 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Personality and Psychopathology: a Theory-Based Revision of Eysenck's PEN Model.

van Kampen Dirk D

Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health : CP & EMH 20091208

The principal aim of this paper is to investigate whether it is possible to create a personality taxonomy of clinical relevance out of Eysenck's original PEN model by repairing the various shortcomings that can be noted in Eysenck's personality theory, particularly in relation to P or Psychoticism. Addressing three approaches that have been followed to answer the question 'which personality factors are basic?', arguments are listed to show that particularly the theory-informed approach, original ...[more]

PMID: 20498694

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Project description:The traditional view that mental disorders are distinct, categorical disorders has been challenged by evidence that disorders are highly comorbid and exist on a continuum (e.g., Caspi et al., 2014; Tackett et al., 2013). The first objective of this study was to use structural equation modeling to model the structure of psychopathology in an adolescent community-based sample (N = 2,144) including conduct disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD), obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders, substance use, anxiety, depression, phobias, and other emotional symptoms, assessed at 16 years. The second objective was to identify common personality and cognitive correlates of psychopathology, assessed at 14 years. Results showed that psychopathology at 16 years fit 2 bifactor models equally well: (a) a bifactor model, reflecting a general psychopathology factor, as well as specific externalizing (representing mainly substance misuse and low ADHD) and internalizing factors; and (b) a bifactor model with a general psychopathology factor and 3 specific externalizing (representing mainly ADHD and ODD), substance use and internalizing factors. The general psychopathology factor was related to high disinhibition/impulsivity, low agreeableness, high neuroticism and hopelessness, high delay-discounting, poor response inhibition and low performance IQ. Substance use was specifically related to high novelty-seeking, sensation-seeking, extraversion, high verbal IQ, and risk-taking. Internalizing psychopathology was specifically related to high neuroticism, hopelessness and anxiety-sensitivity, low novelty-seeking and extraversion, and an attentional bias toward negatively valenced verbal stimuli. Findings reveal several nonspecific or transdiagnostic personality and cognitive factors that may be targeted in new interventions to potentially prevent the development of multiple psychopathologies. (PsycINFO Database Record

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Personality and Psychopathology: a Theory-Based Revision of Eysenck's PEN Model.

Publications

Personality and Psychopathology: a Theory-Based Revision of Eysenck's PEN Model.

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