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MicroRNA expression after ionizing radiation in human endothelial cells.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Endothelial cells (EC) in tumor and normal tissue constitute critical radiotherapy targets. MicroRNAs have emerged as master switchers of the cellular transcriptome. Here, we seek to investigate the role of miRNAs in primary human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC) after ionizing radiation. METHODS: The microRNA status in HDMEC after 2 Gy radiation treatment was measured using oligo-microarrays covering 361 miRNAs. To functionally analyze the role of radiation-induced differentially regulated miRNAs, cells were transfected with miRNA precursor or inhibitor constructs. Clonogenic survival and proliferation assays were performed. RESULTS: Radiation up-regulated miRNA expression levels included let-7g, miR-16, miR-20a, miR-21 and miR-29c, while miR-18a, miR-125a, miR-127, miR-148b, miR-189 and miR-503 were down-regulated. We found that overexpression or inhibition of let-7g, miR-189, and miR-20a markedly influenced clonogenic survival and cell proliferation per se. Notably, the radiosensitivity of HDMEC was significantly influenced by differential expression of miR-125a, -127, -189, and let-7g. While miR-125a and miR-189 had a radioprotective effect, miR-127 and let-7g enhanced radiosensitivity in human endothelial cells. CONCLUSION: Our data show that ionizing radiation changes microRNA levels in human endothelial cells and, moreover, exerts biological effects on cell growth and clonogenicity as validated in functional assays. The data also suggest that the miRNAs which are differentially expressed after radiation modulate the intrinsic radiosensitivity of endothelial cells in subsequent irradiations. This indicates that miRNAs are part of the innate response mechanism of the endothelium to radiation.

SUBMITTER: Wagner-Ecker M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2859352 | biostudies-literature | 2010

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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MicroRNA expression after ionizing radiation in human endothelial cells.

Wagner-Ecker Mechthild M Schwager Christian C Wirkner Ute U Abdollahi Amir A Huber Peter E PE

Radiation oncology (London, England) 20100326

<h4>Background</h4>Endothelial cells (EC) in tumor and normal tissue constitute critical radiotherapy targets. MicroRNAs have emerged as master switchers of the cellular transcriptome. Here, we seek to investigate the role of miRNAs in primary human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC) after ionizing radiation.<h4>Methods</h4>The microRNA status in HDMEC after 2 Gy radiation treatment was measured using oligo-microarrays covering 361 miRNAs. To functionally analyze the role of radiatio ...[more]

PMID: 20346162

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Project description:PurposeMost tumours are characterized by an inflammatory microenvironment, and correlations between inflammation and cancer progression have been shown. Endothelial cells (ECs), as part of the tumour microenvironment, play a crucial role in inflammatory processes as well as in angiogenesis and could be critical targets of cancer therapy like irradiation. Therefore, in the present study we investigated the effect of ionizing radiation on endothelial cells under inflammatory conditions and their interactions with tumour cells.MethodsNonactivated and TNF-α treatment-activated human EC EA.hy926 were irradiated with doses between 0.1 Gy and 6 Gy with a linear accelerator. Using a multiplex assay, the accumulation of various chemokines (IL-8, MCP-1, E-selectin, and P-selectin) and soluble adhesion molecules (sICAM-1 and VCAM-1) as well as protein values of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was measured in the supernatant at different time points. The adhesion capability of irradiated and nonirradiated A549 tumour cells to EA.hy926 cells was measured using flow cytometry, and the migration of tumour cells was investigated with a scratch motility assay.ResultsIn contrast to unirradiated cells, IR of ECs resulted in a modified release of chemokines IL-8 and MCP-1 as well as the adhesion molecules sICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the EC, whereas concentrations of E-selectin and P-selectin as well as VEGF were not influenced. IR always affected the adhesion capability of tumour cells to ECs with the effect dependent on the IR-treated cell type. TNF-α treatment generally increased adhesion ability of the tumour cells. Tumour cell migration was clearly inhibited after IR. This inhibitory effect was eliminated for radiation doses from 0.5 to 2 Gy when, additionally, an inflammatory environment was predominant.ConclusionsOur results support past findings suggesting that ECs, as part of the inflammatory microenvironment of tumours, are important regulators of the actual tumour response to radiation therapy.

Project description:Whilst the cataractogenic potential of ionizing radiation has been known for over the past 120 years, little is known about radiation responses of lens cells. Our previous work was the first to evaluate the radiosensitivity of lens cells with the clonogenic assay, documenting that the survival of HLEC1 human lens epithelial cells is comparable to that of WI-38 human lung fibroblasts. Moreover, HLEC1 cells were found to contain subsets where irradiation stimulates proliferation or facilitates formation of abortive colonies with fewer cells than human fibroblasts. This study aims to gain insights into these mechanisms. Irradiation of HLEC1 cells with 10% survival dose caused a growth delay but did not reduce viability. HLEC1 cells at high cumulative population doubling level were more susceptible to radiogenic premature senescence than WI-38 cells. Concerning p53 binding protein 1 (53BP1) foci, HLEC1 cells harbored less spontaneous foci but more radiogenic foci than in WI-38 cells, and the focus number returned to spontaneous levels within 48 h postirradiation both in HLEC1 and WI-38. The chemical inhibition of DNA repair kinases ataxia telangiectasia mutated, DNA-dependent protein kinase or both delayed and attenuated the appearance and disappearance of radiogenic 53BP1 foci, increased radiogenic premature senescence and enhanced clonogenic inactivation. The DNA microarray analysis suggested both radiogenic stimulation and inhibition of cell proliferation. Treatment with conditioned medium from irradiated cells did not change growth and the plating efficiency of nonirradiated cells. These results partially explain mechanisms of our previous observations, such that unrepaired or incompletely repaired DNA damage causes a growth delay in a subset of HLEC1 cells without changing viability through induction of premature senescence, thereby leading to clonogenic inactivation, but that growth is stimulated in another subset via as yet unidentified mechanisms, warranting further studies.

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MicroRNA expression after ionizing radiation in human endothelial cells.

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MicroRNA expression after ionizing radiation in human endothelial cells.

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