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Multiple oncogenic viruses identified in Ocular surface squamous neoplasia in HIV-1 patients.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is a rare cancer that has increased in incidence with the HIV pandemic in Africa. The underlying cause of this cancer in HIV-infected patients from Botswana is not well defined. RESULTS:Tissues were obtained from 28 OSSN and 8 pterygia patients. The tissues analyzed from OSSN patients were 83% positive for EBV, 75% were HPV positive, 70% were KSHV positive, 75% were HSV-1/2 positive, and 61% were CMV positive by PCR. Tissues from pterygium patients were 88% positive for EBV, 75% were HPV positive, 50% were KSHV positive, and 60% were CMV positive. None of the patients were JC or BK positive. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry analyses further identified HPV, EBV, and KSHV in a subset of the tissue samples. CONCLUSION:We identified the known oncogenic viruses HPV, KSHV, and EBV in OSSN and pterygia tissues. The presence of these tumor viruses in OSSN suggests that they may contribute to the development of this malignancy in the HIV population. Further studies are necessary to characterize the molecular mechanisms associated with viral antigens and their potential role in the development of OSSN.

SUBMITTER: Simbiri KO

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2859758 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Multiple oncogenic viruses identified in Ocular surface squamous neoplasia in HIV-1 patients.

Simbiri Kenneth O KO Murakami Masanao M Feldman Michael M Steenhoff Andrew P AP Nkomazana Oathokwa O Bisson Gregory G Robertson Erle S ES

Infectious agents and cancer 20100326

<h4>Background</h4>Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is a rare cancer that has increased in incidence with the HIV pandemic in Africa. The underlying cause of this cancer in HIV-infected patients from Botswana is not well defined.<h4>Results</h4>Tissues were obtained from 28 OSSN and 8 pterygia patients. The tissues analyzed from OSSN patients were 83% positive for EBV, 75% were HPV positive, 70% were KSHV positive, 75% were HSV-1/2 positive, and 61% were CMV positive by PCR. Tissues from ...[more]

PMID: 20346104

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Project description:There is a trend toward treating conjunctival lesions suspected to be ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) based on the clinical impression.To describe the presentation of OSSN and identify clinical features that distinguish it from benign lesions and subsequently evaluate their recognizability.Prospective multicenter study in Kenya from July 2012 through July 2014 of 496 adults presenting with conjunctival lesions. One histopathologist examined all specimens. Six additional masked ophthalmologists independently examined photographs from 100 participants and assessed clinical features.Comprehensive history, slitlamp examination, and photography before excision biopsy.Frequency of clinical features in OSSN and benign lesions were recorded. Proportions and means were compared using ?2, Fisher exact test, or t test as appropriate. Interobserver agreement was estimated using the ? statistic. Examiners' assessments were compared with a reference.Among 496 participants, OSSN was the most common (38%) histological diagnosis, followed by pterygium (36%) and actinic keratosis (19%). Patients with OSSN were slightly older (mean [SD] age, 41 [11.6] vs 38 [10.9] years; P?=?.002) and tended to have lower levels of education than patients with benign lesions (P?=?.001). Females predominated (67% of OSSN vs 64% of benign lesions; P?=?.65). Human immunodeficiency virus infection was common among patients with OSSN (74%). The most common location was the nasal limbus (61% OSSN vs 78% benign lesions; P?<?.001). Signs more frequent in OSSN included feeder vessels (odds ratio [OR], 5.8 [95% CI, 3.2-10.5]), moderate inflammation (OR, 3.5 [95% CI, 1.8-6.8]), corneal involvement (OR, 2.7 [95% CI, 1.8-4.0]), leukoplakia (OR, 2.6 [95% CI, 1.7-3.9]), papilliform surface (OR, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.3-3.5]), pigmentation (OR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.0-2.2]), temporal location (OR, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.2-3.2]), circumlimbal location (6.7% vs 0.3%; P?<?.001), severe inflammation (6.7% vs 0.3%; P?<?.001), and larger mean (SD) diameter (6.8 [3.2] vs 4.8 [2.8] mm; P?<?.001). All OSSN signs were also observed in benign lesions. There was slight to fair interobserver agreement in assessment of most signs and diagnosis (?, 0.1-0.4). The positive predictive value of clinical appearance in identifying OSSN was 54% (interquartile range, 51%-56%) from photographs in which prevalence was 32%.With overlapping phenotypes and modest interobserver agreement, OSSN and benign conjunctival lesions are not reliably distinguished clinically. Point-of-care diagnostic tools may help.

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Multiple oncogenic viruses identified in Ocular surface squamous neoplasia in HIV-1 patients.

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Multiple oncogenic viruses identified in Ocular surface squamous neoplasia in HIV-1 patients.

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