Otomastoiditis caused by Mycobacterium abscessus, The Netherlands.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: van Ingen J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC2874437 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Jan
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Otomastoiditis caused by Mycobacterium abscessus, The Netherlands.
van Ingen Jakko J Looijmans Frank F Mirck Piet P Dekhuijzen Richard R Boeree Martin M van Soolingen Dick D
Emerging infectious diseases 20100101 1
Similar Datasets
Project description:We report a fatal case of native valve endocarditis due to Mycobacterium abscessus in a hemodialysis patient. The diagnosis was based on culture isolation of acid-fast bacilli from peripheral blood and a permanent catheter tip, and their identification as M abscessus by a reverse hybridization-based assay and direct DNA sequencing of the 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer region. Rapid diagnosis and combination therapy are essential to minimize mortality due to this pathogen. Although combination therapy was started with clarithromycin and tigecycline, the patient refused to take clarithromycin due to severe abdominal pain. The patient became afebrile after therapy with tigecycline alone although bacteremia persisted. He was discharged against medical advice and readmitted three months later for persistent fever. His blood cultures again yielded M abscessus and a transesophageal echocardiogram showed two mobile vegetations. The patient was noncompliant with therapy and died due to cardiac arrest and multiorgan failure. This report shows that M abscessus should also be considered in the differential diagnosis of infective endocarditis in hemodialysis patients.
| S-EPMC2941257 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and M. abscessus complex (MABC) comprise the two most important human pathogen groups causing nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD). However, there are limited data regarding NTM-LD caused by mixed NTM infections. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in patients with NTM-LD caused by mixed infection with these two major NTM pathogen groups. Seventy-one consecutive patients who had been diagnosed with NTM-LD caused by mixed infection with MAC (M. avium or M. intracellulare) and MABC (M. abscessus or M. massiliense) between January 2010 and December 2015 were identified. Nearly all patients (96%) had the nodular bronchiectatic form of NTM-LD. Mixed infection with MAC and M. massiliense (n = 47, 66%) was more common than mixed infection with MAC and M. abscessus (n = 24, 34%), and among the 43 (61%) patients who were treated for NTM-LD for more than 12 months, sputum culture conversion rates were significantly lower in patients infected with MAC and M. abscessus (25% [3/12]) than in patients infected with MAC and M. massiliense (61% [19/31, P = 0.033]). Additionally, M. massiliense and M. abscessus showed marked differences in clarithromycin susceptibility (90% versus 6%, P < 0.001). Of the 23 patients who successfully completed treatment, 11 (48%) redeveloped NTM lung disease, with mycobacterial genotyping results indicating that the majority of cases were due to reinfection. Precise identification of etiologic NTM organisms could help predict treatment outcomes in patients with NTM-LD due to mixed infections.
| S-EPMC6153851 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Isolation of Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies abscessus (MAA) is common during Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease therapy, but there is limited information about the clinical significance of the MAA isolates.We identified 53 of 180 patients (29%) treated for MAC lung disease who had isolation of MAA during MAC lung disease therapy. Patients were divided into those without (group 1) and those with (group 2) MAA lung disease.There were no significant demographic differences between patients with and without MAA isolation or between groups 1 and 2. Group 1 and 2 patients had similar total sputum cultures obtained (P = .7; 95% CI, -13.4 to 8.6) and length of follow-up (P = .8; 95% CI, -21.5 to 16.1). Group 2 patients had significantly more total positive cultures for MAA (mean±SD, 15.0 ± 11.1 vs 1.2 ± 0.4; P < .0001; 95% CI, -17.7 to -9.9), were significantly more likely to develop new or enlarging cavitary lesions while on MAC therapy (P > .0001), and were significantly more likely to meet all three American Thoracic Society diagnostic criteria for nontuberculous mycobacterial disease (21 of 21 [100%] vs 0 of 32 [0%]; P < .0001) compared with group 1 patients. Group 1 patients were significantly more likely to have single, positive MAA cultures than group 2 patients (25 of 31 vs 0 of 21; P < .0001).Microbiologic and clinical follow-up after completion of MAC lung disease therapy is required to determine the significance of MAA isolated during MAC lung disease therapy. Single MAA isolates are not likely to be clinically significant.
| S-EPMC4694086 | biostudies-other
Project description:The rapidly growing mycobacterium M. abscessus sensu lato is the causative agent of emerging pulmonary and skin diseases and of infections following cosmetic surgery and postsurgical procedures. M. abscessus sensu lato can be divided into at least three subspecies: M. abscessus subsp. abscessus, M. abscessus subsp. massiliense, and M. abscessus subsp. bolletii. Clinical isolates of rapidly growing mycobacteria were previously identified as M. abscessus by DNA-DNA hybridization. More than 30% of these 117 clinical isolates were differentiated as M. abscessus subsp. massiliense using combinations of multilocus genotyping analyses. A much more cost-effective technique to distinguish M. abscessus subsp. massiliense from M. abscessus subsp. abscessus, a multiplex PCR assay, was developed using the whole-genome sequence of M. abscessus subsp. massiliense JCM15300 as a reference. Several primer sets were designed for single PCR to discriminate between the strains based on amplicons of different sizes. Two of these single-PCR target sites were chosen for development of the multiplex PCR assay. Multiplex PCR was successful in distinguishing clinical isolates of M. abscessus subsp. massiliense from samples previously identified as M. abscessus. This approach, which spans whole-genome sequencing and clinical diagnosis, will facilitate the acquisition of more-precise information about bacterial genomes, aid in the choice of more relevant therapies, and promote the advancement of novel discrimination and differential diagnostic assays.
| S-EPMC3911466 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis constitutes a major complication associated with the procedure. PD-associated peritonitis caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria, usually as a result of an infection related to the PD catheter, has been reported in adults and is associated with significant complications and poor outcome. The management of PD-associated peritonitis caused by Mycobacterium abscessus is particularly challenging because this species is resistant to many antimicrobials commonly used to treat mycobacterial species. We present here the second reported case of PD-associated peritonitis caused by M. abscessus in children. Our patient was a 9-year-old boy with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who presented with suspected peritonitis, and his PD fluid cultures eventually grew M. abscessus. The patient received a 3-week course of triple therapy with clarithromycin, amikacin, and meropenem in addition to PD catheter removal. The infection completely resolved even though a susceptibility report at the end of treatment revealed that the isolate was resistant to clarithromycin and had decreased susceptibility to carbapenems. Our observations suggest that PD catheter removal is important in PD-associated peritonitis caused by M. abscessus in children and that more studies are needed to define the optimal length of treatment.
| S-EPMC7781440 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Mycobacterium abscessus (M. abscessus) is a fast-growing, non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) that can cause human infections varying from superficial infection to pulmonary or even systemic infections. The latter is more commonly appeared in immunocompromised patients. The skin infection caused by M. abscessus often appears after trauma or surgical procedure. It is often manifested by subcutaneous nodules, papules, erythema, tender erythematous or violaceous plaques, cellulitis, abscesses, ulcerations, and draining sinuses. Herein, we present a non-typical cutaneous manifestation of M. abscessus infection in a 46-year-old woman who presented with alopecia on the scalp with no itching or pain. The pathogen was isolated and identified as M. abscessus by morphology and DNA sequencing. To our best knowledge, there was no report that this organism could cause skin lesions mimicking patchy alopecia. After 3 months of antibacterial treatment, the cutaneous lesion disappeared, and new growth of hair occurred in this patient.
| S-EPMC10443697 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMycobacterium abscessus group includes antibiotic-resistant, opportunistic mycobacteria that are responsible for sporadic cases and outbreaks of cutaneous, pulmonary and disseminated infections. However, because of their close genetic relationships, accurate discrimination between the various strains of these mycobacteria remains difficult. In this report, we describe the development of a multispacer sequence typing (MST) analysis for the simultaneous identification and typing of M. abscessus mycobacteria. We also compared MST with the reference multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) typing method.ResultsBased on the M. abscessus CIP104536T genome, eight intergenic spacers were selected, PCR amplified and sequenced in 21 M. abscessus isolates and analysed in 48 available M. abscessus genomes. MST and MLSA grouped 37 M. abscessus organisms into 12 and nine types, respectively; four formerly "M. bolletii" organisms and M. abscessus M139 into three and four types, respectively; and 27 formerly "M. massiliense" organisms grouped into nine and five types, respectively. The Hunter-Gaston index was off 0.912 for MST and of 0.903 for MLSA. The MST-derived tree was similar to that based on MLSA and rpoB gene sequencing and yielded three main clusters comprising each the type strain of the respective M. abscessus sub-species. Two isolates exhibited discordant MLSA- and rpoB gene sequence-derived position, one isolate exhibited discordant MST- and rpoB gene sequence-derived position and one isolate exhibited discordant MST- and MLSA-derived position. MST spacer n°2 sequencing alone allowed for the accurate identification of the different isolates at the sub-species level.ConclusionsMST is a new sequencing-based approach for both identifying and genotyping M. abscessus mycobacteria that clearly differentiates formerly "M. massiliense" organisms from other M. abscessus subsp. bolletii organisms.
| S-EPMC3564728 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMycobacterium abscessus is an emerging opportunistic pathogen which diversity was acknowledged by the recent description of two subspecies accommodating M. abscessus, Mycobacterium bolletii and Mycobacterium massiliense isolates.ResultsHere, genome analysis found 1-8 prophage regions in 47/48 M. abscessus genomes ranging from small prophage-like elements to complete prophages. A total of 20,304 viral and phage proteins clustered into 853 orthologous groups. Phylogenomic and phylogenetic analyses based on prophage region homology found three main clusters corresponding to M. abscessus, M. bolletii and M. massiliense. Analysing 135 annotated Tape Measure Proteins found thirteen clusters and four singletons, suggesting that at least 17 mycobacteriophages had infected M. abscessus during its evolution. The evolutionary history of phages differed from that of their mycobacterial hosts. In particular, 33 phage-related proteins have been horizontally transferred within M. abscessus genomes. They comprise of an integrase, specific mycobacteriophage proteins, hypothetical proteins and DNA replication and metabolism proteins. Gene exchanges, loss and gains which occurred in M. abscessus genomes have been driven by several mycobacteriophages.ConclusionsThis analysis of phage-mycobacterium co-evolution suggests that mycobacteriophages are playing a key-role in the on-going diversification of M. abscessus.ReviewersThis article was reviewed by Eric Bapteste, Patrick Forterre and Eugene Koonin.
| S-EPMC4172396 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Mycobacterium abscessus is an emerging human pathogen responsible for lung infections, skin and soft-tissue infections and disseminated infections in immunocompromised patients. It may exist either as a smooth (S) or rough (R) morphotype, the latter being associated with increased pathogenicity in various models. Genetic tools for homologous recombination and conditional gene expression are desperately needed to allow the study of M. abscessus virulence. However, descriptions of knock-out (KO) mutants in M. abscessus are rare, with only one KO mutant from an S strain described so far. Moreover, of the three major tools developed for homologous recombination in mycobacteria, only the one based on expression of phage recombinases is working. Several conditional gene expression tools have recently been engineered for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis, but none have been tested yet in M. abscessus. Based on previous experience with genetic tools allowing homologous recombination and their failure in M. abscessus, we evaluated the potential interest of a conditional gene expression approach using a system derived from the two repressors system, TetR/PipOFF. After several steps necessary to adapt TetR/PipOFF for M. abscessus, we have shown the efficiency of this system for conditional expression of an essential mycobacterial gene, fadD32. Inhibition of fadD32 was demonstrated for both the S and R isotypes, with marginally better efficiency for the R isotype. Conditional gene expression using the dedicated TetR/PipOFF system vectors developed here is effective in S and R M. abscessus, and may constitute an interesting approach for future genetic studies in this pathogen.
| S-EPMC3240655 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Although almost all mycobacterial species are saprophytic environmental organisms, a few, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, have evolved to cause transmissible human infection. By analyzing the recent emergence and spread of the environmental organism M. abscessus through the global cystic fibrosis population, we have defined key, generalizable steps involved in the pathogenic evolution of mycobacteria. We show that epigenetic modifiers, acquired through horizontal gene transfer, cause saltational increases in the pathogenic potential of specific environmental clones. Allopatric parallel evolution during chronic lung infection then promotes rapid increases in virulence through mutations in a discrete gene network; these mutations enhance growth within macrophages but impair fomite survival. As a consequence, we observe constrained pathogenic evolution while person-to-person transmission remains indirect, but postulate accelerated pathogenic adaptation once direct transmission is possible, as observed for M. tuberculosis Our findings indicate how key interventions, such as early treatment and cross-infection control, might restrict the spread of existing mycobacterial pathogens and prevent new, emergent ones.
| S-EPMC7611193 | biostudies-literature