Parity, breastfeeding, and the subsequent risk of maternal type 2 diabetes.
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ABSTRACT: Objective
To examine the effect of childbearing and maternal breastfeeding on a woman's subsequent risk of developing type 2 diabetes.Research design and methods
Using information on parity, breastfeeding, and diabetes collected from 52,731 women recruited into a cohort study, we estimated the risk of type 2 diabetes using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 3,160 (6.0%) women were classified as having type 2 diabetes. Overall, nulliparous and parous women had a similar risk of diabetes. Among parous women, there was a 14% (95% CI 10-18%, P < 0.001) reduced likelihood of diabetes per year of breastfeeding. Compared to nulliparous women, parous women who did not breastfeed had a greater risk of diabetes (odds ratio 1.48, 95% CI 1.26-1.73, P < 0.001), whereas for women breastfeeding, the risk was not significantly increased.Conclusions
Compared with nulliparous women, childbearing women who do not breastfeed have about a 50% increased risk of type 2 diabetes in later life. Breastfeeding substantially reduces this excess risk.
SUBMITTER: Liu B
PROVIDER: S-EPMC2875431 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Parity, breastfeeding, and the subsequent risk of maternal type 2 diabetes.
Liu Bette B Jorm Louisa L Banks Emily E
Diabetes care 20100323 6
<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the effect of childbearing and maternal breastfeeding on a woman's subsequent risk of developing type 2 diabetes.<h4>Research design and methods</h4>Using information on parity, breastfeeding, and diabetes collected from 52,731 women recruited into a cohort study, we estimated the risk of type 2 diabetes using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 3,160 (6.0%) women were classified as having type 2 diabetes. Overall, nulliparous and parous women had a ...[more]
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Project description:BackgroundBreastfeeding has been associated with a reduced maternal long-term risk of chronic diseases, but its association with mortality is poorly known.MethodsWe included 166,708 female United States (US) nurses from the Nurses' Health Study (1986-2016) and the Nurses' Health Study II (1989-2019) who experienced at least one pregnancy lasting at least six months across their reproductive lifespan. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for mortality according to lifetime breastfeeding duration were estimated with time-dependent Cox proportional hazards regression models.FindingsDuring 4,705,160 person-years of follow-up, 36,634 deaths were documented in both cohorts, including 9880 from cancer and 7709 from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Lifetime total breastfeeding duration was associated with a lower subsequent risk of all-cause mortality in a non-linear manner (p-value for non-linearity=0.0007). The pooled multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios of all-cause mortality were 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92 to 0.98), 0.94 (95% CI: 0.91 to 0.98), 0.93 (95% CI: 0.90 to 0.97), and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.89 to 0.97), respectively, for women reporting lifetime total breastfeeding duration of 4-6, 7-11, 12-23, and ≥24 months, compared to women who breastfed for ≤3 months over their reproductive lifespan. Cause-specific analysis showed a similar pattern of non-linear inverse associations between lifetime total breastfeeding duration and CVD and cancer mortality (both p-values for non-linearity <0.01). There was no evidence of interactions between breastfeeding duration and pre-pregnancy lifestyle factors on mortality risk.InterpretationParous women with longer lifetime breastfeeding duration had a modestly lower risk of mortality.FundingThe National Institutes of Health grants.
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