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Changes in executive functions and self-efficacy are independently associated with improved usual gait speed in older women.


ABSTRACT: Improved usual gait speed predicts substantial reduction in mortality. A better understanding of the modifiable factors that are independently associated with improved gait speed would ensure that intervention strategies are developed based on a valid theoretical framework. Thus, we examined the independent association of change in executive functions and change in falls-related self-efficacy with improved gait speed among community-dwelling senior women.A secondary analysis of the 135 senior women aged 65 to 75 years old who completed a 12-month randomized controlled trial of resistance training. Usual gait speed was assessed using a 4-meter walk. Three executive processes were assessed by standard neuropsychological tests: 1) set shifting; 2) working memory; and 3) selective attention and response inhibition. A linear regression model was constructed to determine the independent association of change in executive functions and falls-related self-efficacy with change in gait speed.Improved selective attention and conflict resolution, and falls-related self-efficacy, were independently associated with improved gait speed after accounting for age, global cognition, baseline gait speed, and change in quadriceps strength. The total variance explained was 24%.Interventions that target executive functions and falls-related self-efficacy, in addition to physical functions, to improve gait speed may be more efficacious than those that do not.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00426881.

SUBMITTER: Liu-Ambrose T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2887871 | biostudies-literature | 2010 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Changes in executive functions and self-efficacy are independently associated with improved usual gait speed in older women.

Liu-Ambrose Teresa T   Davis Jennifer C JC   Nagamatsu Lindsay S LS   Hsu Chun Liang CL   Katarynych Lindsay A LA   Khan Karim M KM  

BMC geriatrics 20100519


<h4>Background</h4>Improved usual gait speed predicts substantial reduction in mortality. A better understanding of the modifiable factors that are independently associated with improved gait speed would ensure that intervention strategies are developed based on a valid theoretical framework. Thus, we examined the independent association of change in executive functions and change in falls-related self-efficacy with improved gait speed among community-dwelling senior women.<h4>Methods</h4>A seco  ...[more]

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