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Mutation of the heme axial ligand of Escherichia coli succinate-quinone reductase: implications for heme ligation in mitochondrial complex II from yeast.

ABSTRACT: A b-type heme is conserved in membrane-bound complex II enzymes (SQR, succinate-ubiquinone reductase). The axial ligands for the low spin heme b in Escherichia coli complex II are SdhC His84 and SdhD His71. E. coli SdhD His71 is separated by 10 residues from SdhD Asp82 and Tyr83 which are essential for ubiquinone catalysis. The same His-10x-AspTyr motif dominates in homologous SdhD proteins, except for Saccharomyces cerevisiae where a tyrosine is at the axial position (Tyr-Cys-9x-AspTyr). Nevertheless, the yeast enzyme was suggested to contain a stoichiometric amount of heme, however, with the Cys ligand in the aforementioned motif acting as heme ligand. In this report, the role of Cys residues for heme coordination in the complex II family of enzymes is addressed. Cys was substituted to the SdhD-71 position and the yeast Tyr71Cys72 motif was also recreated. The Cys71 variant retained heme, although it was high spin, while the Tyr71Cys72 mutant lacked heme. Previously the presence of heme in S. cerevisiae was detected by a spectral peak in fumarate-oxidized, dithionite-reduced mitochondria. Here it is shown that this method must be used with caution. Comparison of bovine and yeast mitochondrial membranes shows that fumarate induced reoxidation of cytochromes in both SQR and the bc1 complex (ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase). Thus, this report raises a concern about the presence of low spin heme b in S. cerevisiae complex II.

SUBMITTER: Maklashina E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2888824 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Jun-Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Mutation of the heme axial ligand of Escherichia coli succinate-quinone reductase: implications for heme ligation in mitochondrial complex II from yeast.

Maklashina Elena E Rajagukguk Sany S McIntire William S WS Cecchini Gary G

Biochimica et biophysica acta 20100125 6-7

A b-type heme is conserved in membrane-bound complex II enzymes (SQR, succinate-ubiquinone reductase). The axial ligands for the low spin heme b in Escherichia coli complex II are SdhC His84 and SdhD His71. E. coli SdhD His71 is separated by 10 residues from SdhD Asp82 and Tyr83 which are essential for ubiquinone catalysis. The same His-10x-AspTyr motif dominates in homologous SdhD proteins, except for Saccharomyces cerevisiae where a tyrosine is at the axial position (Tyr-Cys-9x-AspTyr). Nevert ...[more]

PMID: 20100456

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Project description:It is generally accepted that the inactive P420 form of cytochrome P450 (CYP) involves the protonation of the native cysteine thiolate to form a neutral thiol heme ligand. On the other hand, it has also been suggested that recruitment of a histidine to replace the native cysteine thiolate ligand might underlie the P450 → P420 transition. Here, we discuss resonance Raman investigations of the H93G myoglobin (Mb) mutant in the presence of tetrahydrothiophene (THT) or cyclopentathiol (CPSH), and on pressure-induced cytochrome P420cam (CYP101), that show a histidine becomes the heme ligand upon CO binding. The Raman mode near 220 cm⁻¹, normally associated with the Fe-histidine vibration in heme proteins, is not observed in either reduced P420cam or the reduced H93G Mb samples, indicating that histidine is not the ligand in the reduced state. The absence of a mode near 220 cm⁻¹ is also inconsistent with a generalization of the suggestion that the 221 cm⁻¹ Raman mode, observed in the P420-CO photoproduct of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), arises from a thiol-bound ferrous heme. This leads us to assign the 218 cm⁻¹ mode observed in the 10 ns P420cam-CO photoproduct Raman spectrum to a Fe-histidine vibration, in analogy to many other histidine-bound heme systems. Additionally, the inverse correlation plots of the νFe-His and νCO frequencies for the CO adducts of P420cam and the H93G analogs provide supporting evidence that histidine is the heme ligand in the P420-CO-bound state. We conclude that, when CO binds to the ferrous P420 state, a histidine ligand is recruited as the heme ligand. The common existence of an HXC-Fe motif in many CYP systems allows the C → H ligand switch to occur with only minor conformational changes. One suggested conformation of P420-CO involves the addition of another turn in the proximal L helix so that, when the protonated Cys ligand is dissociated from the heme, it can become part of the helix, and the heme is ligated by the His residue from the adjoining loop region. In other systems, such as iNOS and CYP3A4 (where the HXC-Fe motif is not found), a somewhat larger conformational change would be necessary to recuit a nearby histidine.

Dataset Information

Mutation of the heme axial ligand of Escherichia coli succinate-quinone reductase: implications for heme ligation in mitochondrial complex II from yeast.

Publications

Mutation of the heme axial ligand of Escherichia coli succinate-quinone reductase: implications for heme ligation in mitochondrial complex II from yeast.

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