An activated ErbB3/NRG1 autocrine loop supports in vivo proliferation in ovarian cancer cells.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Sheng Q
PROVIDER: S-EPMC2897158 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Neuregulin (NRG) signaling through the receptor tyrosine kinase, ERBB3, is required for embryonic development, and dysregulated signaling has been associated with cancer progression. Here, we show that NRG1/ERBB3 signaling inhibits melanocyte (MC) maturation and promotes undifferentiated, migratory and proliferative cellular characteristics. Embryonic analyses demonstrated that initial MC specification and distribution were not dependent on ERBB3 signaling. However NRG1/ERBB3 signaling was both necessary and sufficient to inhibit differentiation of later stages of MC development in culture. Analysis of tissue arrays of human melanoma samples suggests that ERBB3 signaling may also contribute to metastatic progression of melanoma as ERBB3 was phosphorylated in primary tumors compared with nevi or metastatic lesions. Neuregulin 1-treated MCs demonstrated increased proliferation and invasion and altered morphology concomitant with decreased levels of differentiation genes, increased levels of proliferation genes and altered levels of melanoma progression and metastases genes. ERBB3 activation in primary melanomas suggests that NRG1/ERBB3 signaling may contribute to the progression of melanoma from benign nevi to malignancies. We propose that targeting ERBB3 activation and downstream genes identified in this study may provide novel therapeutic interventions for malignant melanoma.
2010-04-26 | GSE21463 | GEO
Project description:Neuregulin (NRG) signaling through the receptor tyrosine kinase, ERBB3, is required for embryonic development, and dysregulated signaling has been associated with cancer progression. Here, we show that NRG1/ERBB3 signaling inhibits melanocyte (MC) maturation and promotes undifferentiated, migratory and proliferative cellular characteristics. Embryonic analyses demonstrated that initial MC specification and distribution were not dependent on ERBB3 signaling. However NRG1/ERBB3 signaling was both necessary and sufficient to inhibit differentiation of later stages of MC development in culture. Analysis of tissue arrays of human melanoma samples suggests that ERBB3 signaling may also contribute to metastatic progression of melanoma as ERBB3 was phosphorylated in primary tumors compared with nevi or metastatic lesions. Neuregulin 1-treated MCs demonstrated increased proliferation and invasion and altered morphology concomitant with decreased levels of differentiation genes, increased levels of proliferation genes and altered levels of melanoma progression and metastases genes. ERBB3 activation in primary melanomas suggests that NRG1/ERBB3 signaling may contribute to the progression of melanoma from benign nevi to malignancies. We propose that targeting ERBB3 activation and downstream genes identified in this study may provide novel therapeutic interventions for malignant melanoma.
| S-EPMC3023175 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Neuregulin (NRG) signaling through the receptor tyrosine kinase, ERBB3, is required for embryonic development, and dysregulated signaling has been associated with cancer progression. Here, we show that NRG1/ERBB3 signaling inhibits melanocyte (MC) maturation and promotes undifferentiated, migratory and proliferative cellular characteristics. Embryonic analyses demonstrated that initial MC specification and distribution were not dependent on ERBB3 signaling. However NRG1/ERBB3 signaling was both necessary and sufficient to inhibit differentiation of later stages of MC development in culture. Analysis of tissue arrays of human melanoma samples suggests that ERBB3 signaling may also contribute to metastatic progression of melanoma as ERBB3 was phosphorylated in primary tumors compared with nevi or metastatic lesions. Neuregulin 1-treated MCs demonstrated increased proliferation and invasion and altered morphology concomitant with decreased levels of differentiation genes, increased levels of proliferation genes and altered levels of melanoma progression and metastases genes. ERBB3 activation in primary melanomas suggests that NRG1/ERBB3 signaling may contribute to the progression of melanoma from benign nevi to malignancies. We propose that targeting ERBB3 activation and downstream genes identified in this study may provide novel therapeutic interventions for malignant melanoma. Gene expression changes are compared between Melan-Ink4a cells stimulated with NRG1-b1 (NRG1) for 21 days and NRG1 untreated Melan-INK4a cells in triplicate using Affymetrix Mouse GeneChip 1.0 ST chip .
2010-05-07 | E-GEOD-21463 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In ovarian carcinoma, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) type II receptor (AMHRII) and the AMH/AMHRII signaling pathway are potential therapeutic targets. Here, AMH dose-dependent effect on signaling and proliferation was analyzed in four ovarian cancer cell lines, including sex cord stromal/granulosa cell tumors and high grade serous adenocarcinomas (COV434-AMHRII, SKOV3-AMHRII, OVCAR8 and KGN). As previously shown, incubation with exogenous AMH at concentrations above the physiological range (12.5-25 nM) decreased cell viability. Conversely, physiological concentrations of endogenous AMH improved cancer cell viability. Partial AMH depletion by siRNAs was sufficient to reduce cell viability in all four cell lines, by 20% (OVCAR8 cells) to 40% (COV434-AMHRII cells). In the presence of AMH concentrations within the physiological range (5 to 15 pM), the newly developed anti-AMH B10 antibody decreased by 25% (OVCAR8) to 50% (KGN) cell viability at concentrations ranging between 3 and 333 nM. At 70 nM, B10 reduced clonogenic survival by 57.5%, 57.1%, 64.7% and 37.5% in COV434-AMHRII, SKOV3-AMHRII, OVCAR8 and KGN cells, respectively. In the four cell lines, B10 reduced AKT phosphorylation, and increased PARP and caspase 3 cleavage. These results were confirmed in ovarian cancer cells isolated from patients' ascites, demonstrating the translational potential of these results. Furthermore, B10 reduced COV434-MISRII tumor growth in vivo and significantly enhanced the median survival time compared with vehicle (69 vs 60 days; p = 0.0173). Our data provide evidence for a novel pro-survival autocrine role of AMH in the context of ovarian cancer, which was targeted therapeutically using an anti-AMH antibody to successfully repress tumor growth.
| S-EPMC7838181 | biostudies-literature
Project description:NRG1 rearrangements are oncogenic drivers that are enriched in invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas (IMA) of the lung. The oncoprotein binds ERBB3-ERBB2 heterodimers and activates downstream signaling, supporting a therapeutic paradigm of ERBB3/ERBB2 inhibition. As proof of concept, a durable response was achieved with anti-ERBB3 mAb therapy (GSK2849330) in an exceptional responder with an NRG1-rearranged IMA on a phase I trial (NCT01966445). In contrast, response was not achieved with anti-ERBB2 therapy (afatinib) in four patients with NRG1-rearranged IMA (including the index patient post-GSK2849330). Although in vitro data supported the use of either ERBB3 or ERBB2 inhibition, these clinical results were consistent with more profound antitumor activity and downstream signaling inhibition with anti-ERBB3 versus anti-ERBB2 therapy in an NRG1-rearranged patient-derived xenograft model. Analysis of 8,984 and 17,485 tumors in The Cancer Genome Atlas and MSK-IMPACT datasets, respectively, identified NRG1 rearrangements with novel fusion partners in multiple histologies, including breast, head and neck, renal, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, and uterine cancers.Significance: This series highlights the utility of ERBB3 inhibition as a novel treatment paradigm for NRG1-rearranged cancers. In addition, it provides preliminary evidence that ERBB3 inhibition may be more optimal than ERBB2 inhibition. The identification of NRG1 rearrangements across various solid tumors supports a basket trial approach to drug development. Cancer Discov; 8(6); 686-95. ©2018 AACR.See related commentary by Wilson and Politi, p. 676This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 663.
| S-EPMC5984717 | biostudies-literature
Project description:XPO1 inhibitors have shown promise in cancer treatment, but mechanisms of resistance to these drugs are not well understood. In this study, we established selective inhibitors of nuclear export (SINE)-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines from in vivo mouse tumors and determined the mechanisms of adaptive XPO1 inhibitor resistance using protein and genomic arrays. Pathway analyses revealed upregulation of the NRG1/ERBB3 pathway in SINE-resistant cells. Depletion of ERBB3 using siRNAs restored the antitumor effect of SINE in vitro and in vivo Furthermore, exogenous NRG1 decreased the antitumor effect of SINE in ovarian cancer cell lines with high ERBB3 expression, but not in those with low expression. These results suggest that NRG1 and ERBB3 expression is a potential biomarker of response to SINE treatment. The antitumor effect of SINE was reduced by exogenous NRG1 in an ERBB3-dependent manner. These findings suggest that NRG1 and ERBB3 are effective biomarkers that should be evaluated in future clinical trials and are relevant therapeutic targets for the treatment of SINE-resistant cancers.
| S-EPMC7415525 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) stem cells are not dependent on BCR-ABL kinase for their survival, suggesting that kinase-independent mechanisms must contribute to their persistence. We observed that CML stem/progenitor cells (SPCs) produce tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) in a kinase-independent fashion and at higher levels relative to their normal counterparts. We therefore investigated the role of TNF-? and found that it supports survival of CML SPCs by promoting nuclear factor ?B/p65 pathway activity and expression of the interleukin 3 and granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor common ?-chain receptor. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in CML SPCs, inhibition of autocrine TNF-? signaling via a small-molecule TNF-? inhibitor induces apoptosis. Moreover TNF-? inhibition combined with nilotinib induces significantly more apoptosis relative to either treatment alone and a reduction in the absolute number of primitive quiescent CML stem cells. These results highlight a novel survival mechanism of CML SPCs and suggest a new putative therapeutic target for their eradication.
| S-EPMC3953090 | biostudies-other
Project description:NRG1 fusions were recently reported as a new molecular feature of Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinoma (IMA) of the lung. The NRG1 chimeric ligand acts as a strong inductor of phosphorylation and tyrosine kinase activity of the ErbB2/ErbB3 heterodimer, thus enhancing the PI3K-AKT/MAPK pathways. The NRG1 fusions were widely investigated in Asian IMA cohorts, whereas just anecdotal information are available about the occurrence of NRG1 fusions in IMA Caucasian population. Here we firstly explored a large Caucasian cohort of 51 IMAs and 34 non-IMA cases for the occurrence of NRG1 rearrangements by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and RNA target sequencing. FISH results were correlated to the immunohistochemical expression of phosphorylated-ErbB3 (pErbB3) receptor and the mutational status of KRAS, EGFR and ALK genes. The NRG1 rearrangements were detected in 31% IMAs and 3% non-IMAs and the CD74-NRG1 fusion transcript variant was characterized in 4 NRG1-positive IMAs. Moreover, pErbB3 expression was found to be strictly associated to the mucinous pattern (p = 0.012, Chi-square test) and all IMA cases showing aberrant expression of pErbB3 demonstrated NRG1 rearrangements. No significant correlation between NRG1 rearrangements and EGFR, KRAS or ALK mutations respectively, was observed. We report for the first time that NRG1 fusions are driver alterations clearly associated with mucinous lung adenocarcinoma subtype of Caucasian patients and not exclusive of Asiatic population. pErbB3 immunostaining may represent a strong predictor of NRG1 fusions, pointing out the detection of pErbB3 by IHC as a rapid and effective pre-screening method to select the NRG1-positive patients.
| S-EPMC5839392 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND:Accumulation of evidence indicates that miRNAs have crucial roles in the regulation of EMT-associated properties, such as proliferation, migration and invasion. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not entirely illustrated. Here, we investigated the role of miR-296-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. METHODS:In vitro cell morphology, proliferation, migration and invasion were compared between HCC cell lines with up- or down-regulation of miR-296-5p. Immunofluorescence and Western blot immunofluorescence assays were used to detect the expression of EMT markers. Bioinformatics programs, luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiments were used to validate the downstream targets of miR-296-5p. Xenograft nude mouse models were established to observe tumor growth and metastasis. Immunohistochemical assays were conducted to study the relationships between miR-296-5p expression and Neuregulin-1 (NRG1)/EMT markers in human HCC samples and mice. RESULTS:miR-296-5p was prominently downregulated in HCC tissues relative to adjacent normal liver tissues and associated with favorable prognosis. Overexpression of miR-296-5p inhibited EMT along with migration and invasion of HCC cells via suppressing NRG1/ERBB2/ERBB3/RAS/MAPK/Fra-2 signaling in vitro. More importantly, miR-296-5p disrupted intrahepatic and pulmonary metastasis in vivo. NRG1, as a direct target of miR-296-5p, mediates downstream biological responses. In HCC tissues from patients and mice, the levels of miR-296-5p and NRG1 also showed an inverse relationship. CONCLUSIONS:miR-296-5p inhibited EMT-related metastasis of HCC through NRG1/ERBB2/ERBB3/RAS/MAPK/Fra-2 signaling.
| S-EPMC6264612 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPancreatic cancer shows a highly aggressive and infiltrative growth pattern and is characterized by an abundant tumor stroma known to interact with the cancer cells, and to influence tumor growth and drug resistance. Cancer cells actively take part in the production of extracellular matrix proteins, which then become deposited into the tumor stroma. Type IV collagen, an important component of the basement membrane, is highly expressed by pancreatic cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro. In this study, the cellular effects of type IV collagen produced by the cancer cells were characterized.MethodsThe expression of type IV collagen and its integrin receptors were examined in vivo in human pancreatic cancer tissue. The cellular effects of type IV collagen were studied in pancreatic cancer cell lines by reducing type IV collagen expression through RNA interference and by functional receptor blocking of integrins and their binding-sites on the type IV collagen molecule.ResultsWe show that type IV collagen is expressed close to the cancer cells in vivo, forming basement membrane like structures on the cancer cell surface that colocalize with the integrin receptors. Furthermore, the interaction between type IV collagen produced by the cancer cell, and integrins on the surface of the cancer cells, are important for continuous cancer cell growth, maintenance of a migratory phenotype, and for avoiding apoptosis.ConclusionWe show that type IV collagen provides essential cell survival signals to the pancreatic cancer cells through an autocrine loop.
| S-EPMC3618250 | biostudies-literature