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Graphene as a novel matrix for the analysis of small molecules by MALDI-TOF MS.

ABSTRACT: Graphene was utilized for the first time as a matrix for the analysis of low molecular weight compounds using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Polar compounds including amino acids, polyamines, anticancer drugs, and nucleosides could be successfully analyzed. Additionally, nonpolar compounds including steroids could be detected with high resolution and sensitivity. Compared with a conventional matrix, graphene exhibited a high desorption/ionization efficiency for nonpolar compounds. The graphene matrix functions as a substrate to trap analytes, and it transfers energy to the analytes upon laser irradiation, which allows for the analytes to be readily desorbed/ionized and interference of intrinsic matrix ions to be eliminated. The use of graphene as a matrix avoided the fragmentation of analytes and provided good reproducibility and a high salt tolerance, underscoring the potential application of graphene as a matrix for MALDI MS analysis of practical samples in complex sample matrixes. We also demonstrated that the use of graphene as an adsorbent for the solid-phase extraction of squalene could improve greatly the detection limit. This work not only opens a new field for applications of graphene, but also offers a new technique for high-speed analysis of low molecular weight compounds in areas such as metabolism research and natural product characterization.

SUBMITTER: Dong X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2912442 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Graphene as a novel matrix for the analysis of small molecules by MALDI-TOF MS.

Dong Xiaoli X Cheng Jinsheng J Li Jinghong J Wang Yinsheng Y

Analytical chemistry 20100701 14

Graphene was utilized for the first time as a matrix for the analysis of low molecular weight compounds using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Polar compounds including amino acids, polyamines, anticancer drugs, and nucleosides could be successfully analyzed. Additionally, nonpolar compounds including steroids could be detected with high resolution and sensitivity. Compared with a conventional matrix, graphene exhibited a high desorptio ...[more]

PMID: 20565059

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Project description:MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) on whole cells enables the detection of different cell types and cell activation. Here, we wondered whether this approach would be useful to investigate the host response in sepsis.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with severe sepsis and healthy donors were analyzed with MALDI-TOF MS. PBMCs from healthy donors were also stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan, CpG oligonucleotides, polyinosinic polycytidylic acid, and with heat-inactivated bacteria. Averaged spectra of PBMCs stimulated in vitro by different agonists were generated from the database using the Biotyper software and matching scores between each spectrum from patients and averaged spectra from the database were calculated.We show that the MALDI-TOF MS signature of PBMCs from septic patients was specific, compared with healthy controls. As the fingerprints observed in patients may be related to PBMC activation, PBMCs from healthy controls were stimulated with cytokines, soluble Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) and heat-killed bacteria, and we created a database of reference spectra. The MALDI-TOF MS profiles of PBMCs from septic patients were then compared with the database. No differences were found between patients with documented infection (n?=?6) and those without bacteriological documentation (n?=?6). The spectra of PBMCs from septic patients matched with those of interferon-?- and interleukin-10-stimulated PBMCs, confirming that sepsis is characterized by both inflammatory and immunoregulatory features. Interestingly, the spectra of PBMCs from septic patients without documented infection matched with the reference spectrum of PBMCs stimulated by CpG oligonucleotides, suggesting a bacterial etiology in these patients.Despite the limits of this preliminary study, these results indicate that the monitoring of functional status of PBMCs in peripheral blood by whole cell MALDI-TOF MS could provide unique opportunities to assess disease progression or resolution in clinical settings.

Dataset Information

Graphene as a novel matrix for the analysis of small molecules by MALDI-TOF MS.

Publications

Graphene as a novel matrix for the analysis of small molecules by MALDI-TOF MS.

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