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Rocky mountain spotted fever in the United States, 2000-2007: interpreting contemporary increases in incidence.


ABSTRACT: Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), a potentially fatal tick-borne infection caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, is considered a notifiable condition in the United States. During 2000 to 2007, the annual reported incidence of RMSF increased from 1.7 to 7 cases per million persons from 2000 to 2007, the highest rate ever recorded. American Indians had a significantly higher incidence than other race groups. Children 5-9 years of age appeared at highest risk for fatal outcome. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays became more widely available beginning in 2004 and were used to diagnose 38% of cases during 2005-2007. The proportion of cases classified as confirmed RMSF decreased from 15% in 2000 to 4% in 2007. Concomitantly, case fatality decreased from 2.2% to 0.3%. The decreasing proportion of confirmed cases and cases with fatal outcome suggests that changes in diagnostic and surveillance practices may be influencing the observed increase in reported incidence rates.

SUBMITTER: Openshaw JJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2912596 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Rocky mountain spotted fever in the United States, 2000-2007: interpreting contemporary increases in incidence.

Openshaw John J JJ   Swerdlow David L DL   Krebs John W JW   Holman Robert C RC   Mandel Eric E   Harvey Alexis A   Haberling Dana D   Massung Robert F RF   McQuiston Jennifer H JH  

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 20100701 1


Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), a potentially fatal tick-borne infection caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, is considered a notifiable condition in the United States. During 2000 to 2007, the annual reported incidence of RMSF increased from 1.7 to 7 cases per million persons from 2000 to 2007, the highest rate ever recorded. American Indians had a significantly higher incidence than other race groups. Children 5-9 years of age appeared at highest risk for fatal outcome. Enzyme-linked immunoso  ...[more]

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