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Monocilia in the embryonic mouse heart suggest a direct role for cilia in cardiac morphogenesis.

ABSTRACT: Primary cilia are required for signaling, chemosensing and mechanosensing in many fluid-filled organs, thus cilia could also have a direct role in heart development. They are essential to the development of cardiac left-right (LR) asymmetry by means of their function at the embryonic organizer (node). We show that cilia are found in the mouse embryo heart at embryonic day (e) 9.5-e12.5. We demonstrate abnormal development of the endocardial cushions (ECCs) and compact myocardium (CM) in e9.5 mouse embryos with absent cilia. In contrast, hearts from embryos with abnormal LR development due to paralyzed, but structurally normal, node cilia show less severe ECC defects and normal CM. These observations suggest that a subset of cilia called cardiac cilia are required in cardiac development independently from their function in LR development. One possible function of cardiac cilia is as mechanosensors, integrating flow, cardiac function, and morphogenesis.

SUBMITTER: Slough J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2919240 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Monocilia in the embryonic mouse heart suggest a direct role for cilia in cardiac morphogenesis.

Slough Jennifer J Cooney Laura L Brueckner Martina M

Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 20080901 9

Primary cilia are required for signaling, chemosensing and mechanosensing in many fluid-filled organs, thus cilia could also have a direct role in heart development. They are essential to the development of cardiac left-right (LR) asymmetry by means of their function at the embryonic organizer (node). We show that cilia are found in the mouse embryo heart at embryonic day (e) 9.5-e12.5. We demonstrate abnormal development of the endocardial cushions (ECCs) and compact myocardium (CM) in e9.5 mou ...[more]

PMID: 18729223

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Project description:BackgroundMorphometric quantification of subtle craniofacial variation in studies of experimentally modified embryonic mice has proved valuable in determining the effects of developmental perturbations on craniofacial morphogenesis. The direct comparison of landmark coordinate data from embryos of many different mouse strains and mouse models can advance our understanding of the bases for craniofacial variation. We propose a standard set of craniofacial surface landmarks, for use with embryonic day (E) 10.5-12.5 mice, to serve as the foundation for this type of data compilation and analysis. We quantify the intra- and inter-observer landmark placement variation associated with each landmark and determine how the results of a simple ontogenetic analysis might be influenced by selection of landmark set.ResultsIntraobserver landmark placement error for experienced landmarkers generally remains below 0.1 mm, with some landmarks exhibiting higher values at E11.5 and E12.5. Interobserver error tends to increase with embryonic age and those landmarks defined on wide inflections of curves or facial processes exhibit the highest error. Landmarks with highest intra- or inter-observer are identified and we determine that their removal from the dataset does not significantly change the vectors of craniofacial shape change associated with an ontogenetic regression.ConclusionsOur quantification of landmark placement error demonstrates that it is preferable for a single observer to identify all landmark coordinates within a single study and that significant training and experience are necessary before a landmarker can produce data for use in larger meta-analyses. However, we are confident that this standard landmark set, once landmarks with higher error are removed, can serve as a foundation for a comparative dataset of facial morphogenesis across various mouse populations to help identify the developmental bases for phenotypic variation in the craniofacial complex.

Dataset Information

Monocilia in the embryonic mouse heart suggest a direct role for cilia in cardiac morphogenesis.

Publications

Monocilia in the embryonic mouse heart suggest a direct role for cilia in cardiac morphogenesis.

Similar Datasets

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