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A pilot study evaluating the use of EyeSpy video game software to perform vision screening in school-aged children.

ABSTRACT: To compare the vision-screening results of school-aged children tested with EyeSpy software and those of children examined by a pediatric ophthalmologist. We also compared combined results of an electronic visual acuity (EVA) tester and stereopsis testing to the results of a professional eye examination.In this pilot study, all children were tested with an EyeSpy and ETDRS EVA tester, followed by ocular examination including stereopsis assessment and cyclopegic refraction. The order of presentation of the EVA and EyeSpy assessments was assigned randomly. The EyeSpy test was performed twice (with an occlusive eyepatch and red-blue dissociative goggles). EyeSpy registered pass or refer results for visual acuity testing at a threshold of 20/32 visual acuity and stereopsis of 300 arcsec. Similar threshold values were used in the EVA/stereopsis testing.The average age of 72 subjects was 11.4 +/- 2.2 years. Prevalence of visual impairment was 25 (34.7%) of 72 as reported by the professional examination. The sensitivity, specificity, and conventional positive likelihood ratio were 88%, 87%, and 6.8 when EyeSpy was used with a patch; 88%, 74%, and 3.44 when EyeSpy was used with goggles; and 88%, 94%, and 13.79 for EVA/stereospsis, respectively, compared with the gold-standard professional eye examination. EyeSpy screening results using a patch were not significantly different than those of a professional examination (p = 0.508). The 2 results concurred in 63 (87.5%) of 72 subjects.EyeSpy software has potential for use as a vision-screening device. The use of EyeSpy with an occlusive patch outperformed EyeSpy with dissociative glasses.

SUBMITTER: Trivedi RH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2928400 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A pilot study evaluating the use of EyeSpy video game software to perform vision screening in school-aged children.

Trivedi Rupal H RH Wilson M Edward ME Peterseim M Millicent MM Cole Kali B KB Teed Ronald G W RG

Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 20100716 4

<h4>Purpose</h4>To compare the vision-screening results of school-aged children tested with EyeSpy software and those of children examined by a pediatric ophthalmologist. We also compared combined results of an electronic visual acuity (EVA) tester and stereopsis testing to the results of a professional eye examination.<h4>Methods</h4>In this pilot study, all children were tested with an EyeSpy and ETDRS EVA tester, followed by ocular examination including stereopsis assessment and cyclopegic re ...[more]

PMID: 20637666

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Project description:BackgroundNeedle phobia, which affects 19% of children aged 4 to 6 years, prevents many children from receiving necessary or preventive medical treatments. Digital interventions have been made to target needle phobia but currently rely on distraction rather than evidence-based exposure.ObjectiveWe designed and evaluated a serious exposure-based mobile game called Dr. Zoo to reduce the fear of needles in children aged 3 to 6 years, where players administered shots to cartoon animals.MethodsWe conducted a mixed methods study with 30 parents (mean age 35.87, SD 4.39 years) and their 36 children (mean age 4.44, SD 1.11 years) who played the game for 5 days leading to a scheduled appointment that included an injection (eg, influenza vaccination). After the study, parents completed exit surveys and participated in semistructured interviews to evaluate ease of use, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of the game and to provide insights on their experience with the game to inform future developments. Interview transcripts were analyzed by 3 independent coders following an open coding process and subsequently coded and discussed to reach consensus.ResultsParents rated their child's difficulty in completing the game as very low on average (scale 1-5; mean 1.76, SD 0.82) and were highly likely to recommend Dr. Zoo to other parents (scale 1-5; mean 4.41, SD 0.87), suggesting Dr. Zoo's strong ease of use and high acceptability. In the exit survey, parents rated their child's fear as significantly lower after participating in the study (scale 1-5; mean 3.09, SD 1.17) compared with that before participating (scale 1-5; mean 4.37, SD 0.81; z score=-4.638; P<.001). Furthermore, 74% (26/35) of the parents reported that the game had a positive impact on their child's fear or perception of needles (only 2 parents reported a negative impact). Qualitative analysis of the interview transcripts revealed potentially important features of the game in this positive impact, such as the game's interactive design, as observed in 69% (24/35) of our participants.ConclusionsThe results suggest that an evidence-based serious mobile game can be an easy-to-use, acceptable, and potentially effective intervention for changing young children's fear and perceptions of needles. Leveraging digital interventions may be a potential solution to needle anxiety as a public health concern.

Dataset Information

A pilot study evaluating the use of EyeSpy video game software to perform vision screening in school-aged children.

Publications

A pilot study evaluating the use of EyeSpy video game software to perform vision screening in school-aged children.

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