Dataset Information

Methylphenidate significantly improves declarative memory functioning of adults with ADHD.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Declarative memory deficits are common in untreated adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but limited evidence exists to support improvement after treatment with methylphenidate. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of methylphenidate on memory functioning of adults with ADHD.

Methods

Eighteen adults with ADHD who were clinical responders to methylphenidate participated in this randomized crossover trial. After 3 days of no treatment, patients received in random order either their usual methylphenidate dose (mean: 14.7 mg; range: 10-30 mg) or placebo, separated by a 6-7-day washout period. Patients performed an immediate word recall test 1 h after treatment administration. Three hours after intake, patients performed the second part of the memory test (delayed word recall and a recognition test).

Results

Delayed recognition and immediate recall was similar on treatment and on placebo. Delayed word recall was significantly better in the methylphenidate than in the placebo condition (F (1, 17) = 7.0, p ConclusionMethylphenidate improves declarative memory functioning in patients with ADHD. New studies should further examine whether subclinical depressive symptoms mediate the effect of methylphenidate on declarative memory.

SUBMITTER: Verster JC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2937141 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Methylphenidate significantly improves declarative memory functioning of adults with ADHD.

Verster Joris C JC Bekker Evelijne M EM Kooij J J Sandra JJ Buitelaar Jan K JK Verbaten Marinus N MN Volkerts Edmund R ER Olivier Berend B

Psychopharmacology 20100720 2

<h4>Background</h4>Declarative memory deficits are common in untreated adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but limited evidence exists to support improvement after treatment with methylphenidate. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of methylphenidate on memory functioning of adults with ADHD.<h4>Methods</h4>Eighteen adults with ADHD who were clinical responders to methylphenidate participated in this randomized crossover trial. After 3 days of no treat ...[more]

PMID: 20645078

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Project description:The functional basis of cognitive and quality of life changes after liver transplant is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the neurometabolic and functional brain changes as modulators of cognition and quality of life after transplant in patients with cirrhosis who were with/without pretransplant cognitive impairment and hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Patients with cirrhosis underwent detailed cognitive and quality of life assessment at enrollment and 6 months after transplant. A subset underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (functional magnetic resonance imaging [fMRI], diffusion tensor imaging [DTI], and magnetic resonance spectroscopy [MRS]) before and after transplant. Changes before and after transplant were analyzed in all patients and by dividing groups in those with/without pretransplant cognitive impairment or with/without pretransplant HE. MRS evaluated ammonia-related metabolites; fMRI studied brain activation for correct lure inhibition on the inhibitory control test; and DTI studied white matter integrity. Sixty-six patients (mean Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, 21.8; 38 HE patients and 24 cognitively impaired [CI] patients) were enrolled. Quality of life was significantly worse in CI and HE groups before transplant, which improved to a lesser extent in those with prior cognitive impairment. In the entire group after transplant, there was (1) significantly lower brain activation needed for lure inhibition (shown on fMRI); (2) reversal of pretransplant ammonia-associated changes (shown on MRS); and (3) improved white matter integrity (shown on DTI). Importantly, study findings suggest that pretransplant cognitive impairment serves as a marker for clinical outcomes. Regardless of pretransplant history of HE, it was the pretransplant cognitive impairment that was predictive of both posttransplant cognitive and psychosocial outcomes. Therefore, when working with patients and their families, a clinician may rely on the pretransplant cognitive profile to develop expectations regarding posttransplant neurobehavioral recovery. We conclude that functional brain changes after liver transplant depend on pretransplant cognitive impairment and are ultimately linked with posttransplant cognition and quality of life in cirrhosis. Liver Transplantation 22 1379-1390 2016 AASLD.

Dataset Information

Methylphenidate significantly improves declarative memory functioning of adults with ADHD.

Background

Methods

Results

Publications

Methylphenidate significantly improves declarative memory functioning of adults with ADHD.

Similar Datasets

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