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Confinement-optimized three-dimensional T cell amoeboid motility is modulated via myosin IIA-regulated adhesions.

ABSTRACT: During trafficking through tissues, T cells fine-tune their motility to balance the extent and duration of cell-surface contacts versus the need to traverse an entire organ. Here we show that in vivo, myosin IIA-deficient T cells had a triad of defects, including overadherence to high-endothelial venules, less interstitial migration and inefficient completion of recirculation through lymph nodes. Spatiotemporal analysis of three-dimensional motility in microchannels showed that the degree of confinement and myosin IIA function, rather than integrin adhesion (as proposed by the haptokinetic model), optimized motility rate. This motility occurred via a myosin IIA-dependent rapid 'walking' mode with multiple small and simultaneous adhesions to the substrate, which prevented spurious and prolonged adhesions. Adhesion discrimination provided by myosin IIA is thus necessary for the optimization of motility through complex tissues.

SUBMITTER: Jacobelli J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2943564 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Confinement-optimized three-dimensional T cell amoeboid motility is modulated via myosin IIA-regulated adhesions.

Jacobelli Jordan J Friedman Rachel S RS Conti Mary Anne MA Lennon-Dumenil Ana-Maria AM Piel Matthieu M Sorensen Caitlin M CM Adelstein Robert S RS Krummel Matthew F MF

Nature immunology 20100912 10

During trafficking through tissues, T cells fine-tune their motility to balance the extent and duration of cell-surface contacts versus the need to traverse an entire organ. Here we show that in vivo, myosin IIA-deficient T cells had a triad of defects, including overadherence to high-endothelial venules, less interstitial migration and inefficient completion of recirculation through lymph nodes. Spatiotemporal analysis of three-dimensional motility in microchannels showed that the degree of con ...[more]

PMID: 20835229

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Project description:BackgroundAnti-cancer drugs are widely used in cancer treatment frequently combined with surgical therapy and/or radiation therapy. Although surgery and radiation have been suggested to facilitate invasion and metastasis of tumor cells in some cases, there is so far little information about the effect of anti-cancer drugs on cellular invasive ability and metastasis. In this study, using four different anti-cancer drugs (vincristine, paclitaxel, cisplatin and etoposide), we examined whether these drugs influence the invasive ability of tumor cells.MethodsHuman gastric adenocarcinoma MKN45 cells were used to evaluate the effect of anti-cancer drugs. After drug treatment, cellular invasive ability was assessed using the Matrigel invasion chamber. Cytoskeletal changes after treatment were examined microscopically with F-actin staining. In addition, we monitored cellular motility in 3D matrigel environment by time-lapse microscopic analysis. The drug-induced activation of RhoA and ROCK was evaluated by pull-down assay and Western blotting using an antibody against phosphorylated myosin light chain (MLC), respectively. Where necessary, a ROCK inhibitor Y27632 and siRNA for guanine nucleotide exchange factor-H1 (GEF-H1) were applied.ResultsAmong all drugs tested, only vincristine stimulated the invasive ability of MKN45 cells. Microscopic analysis revealed that vincristine induced the formation of non-apoptotic membrane blebs and amoeboid-like motility. Vincristine significantly enhanced RhoA activity and MLC phosphorylation, suggesting the involvement of RhoA/ROCK pathway in the vincristine-induced cytoskeletal reorganization and cellular invasion. Furthermore, we found that Y27632 as well as the siRNA for GEF-H1, a RhoA-specific activator, attenuated MLC phosphorylation, the formation of membrane blebs and the invasive ability after vincristine treatment.ConclusionsThese results indicate that vincristine activates GEF-H1/RhoA/ROCK/MLC signaling, thereby promoting amoeboid-like motility and the invasive ability of MKN45 cells.

Dataset Information

Confinement-optimized three-dimensional T cell amoeboid motility is modulated via myosin IIA-regulated adhesions.

Publications

Confinement-optimized three-dimensional T cell amoeboid motility is modulated via myosin IIA-regulated adhesions.

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