Dataset Information

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia admitted to intensive care: a case-control study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

There is limited epidemiologic data on patients with acute myelogenous (myeloid) leukemia (AML) requiring life-sustaining therapies in the intensive care unit (ICU). Our objectives were to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes in critically ill AML patients.

Methods

This was a retrospective case-control study. Cases were defined as adult patients with a primary diagnosis of AML admitted to ICU at the University of Alberta Hospital between January 1st 2002 and June 30th 2008. Each case was matched by age, sex, and illness severity (ICU only) to two control groups: hospitalized AML controls, and non-AML ICU controls. Data were extracted on demographics, course of hospitalization, and clinical outcomes.

Results

In total, 45 AML patients with available data were admitted to ICU. Mean (SD) age was 54.8 (13.1) years and 28.9% were female. Primary diagnoses were sepsis (32.6%) and respiratory failure (37.3%). Mean (SD) APACHE II score was 30.3 (10.3), SOFA score 12.6 (4.0) with 62.2% receiving mechanical ventilation, 55.6% vasoactive therapy, and 26.7% renal replacement therapy. Crude in-hospital, 90-day and 1-year mortality was 44.4%, 51.1% and 71.1%, respectively. AML cases had significantly higher adjusted-hazards of death (HR 2.23; 95% CI, 1.38-3.60, p = 0.001) compared to both non-AML ICU controls (HR 1.69; 95% CI, 1.11-2.58, p = 0.02) and hospitalized AML controls (OR 1.0, reference variable). Factors associated with ICU mortality by univariate analysis included older age, AML subtype, higher baseline SOFA score, no change or an increase in early SOFA score, shock, vasoactive therapy and mechanical ventilation. Active chemotherapy in ICU was associated with lower mortality.

Conclusions

AML patients may represent a minority of all critically ill admissions; however, are not uncommonly supported in ICU. These AML patients are characterized by high illness severity, multi-organ dysfunction, and high treatment intensity and have a higher risk of death when compared with matched hospitalized AML or non-AML ICU controls. The absence of early improvement in organ failure may be a useful predictor for mortality for AML patients admitted to ICU.

SUBMITTER: Roze des Ordons AL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2955611 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia admitted to intensive care: a case-control study.

Roze des Ordons Amanda L AL Chan Kris K Mirza Imran I Townsend Derek R DR Bagshaw Sean M SM

BMC cancer 20100928

<h4>Background</h4>There is limited epidemiologic data on patients with acute myelogenous (myeloid) leukemia (AML) requiring life-sustaining therapies in the intensive care unit (ICU). Our objectives were to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes in critically ill AML patients.<h4>Methods</h4>This was a retrospective case-control study. Cases were defined as adult patients with a primary diagnosis of AML admitted to ICU at the University of Alberta Hospital between January 1st 2002 a ...[more]

PMID: 20920175

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Project description:BackgroundAcute respiratory failure (ARF) is the leading cause of intensive care unit (ICU) admission in patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and data on prognostic factors affecting short-term outcome are needed.MethodsThis is a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter, international prospective cohort study on immunocompromised patients with ARF admitted to ICU. We evaluated hospital mortality and associated risk factors in patients with AML and ARF; secondly, we aimed to define specific subgroups within our study population through a cluster analysis.ResultsOverall, 201 of 1611 immunocompromised patients with ARF had AML and were included in the analysis. Hospital mortality was 46.8%. Variables independently associated with mortality were ECOG performance status ≥ 2 (OR = 2.79, p = 0.04), cough (OR = 2.94, p = 0.034), use of vasopressors (OR = 2.79, p = 0.044), leukemia-specific pulmonary involvement [namely leukostasis, pulmonary infiltration by blasts or acute lysis pneumopathy (OR = 4.76, p = 0.011)] and liver SOFA score (OR = 1.85, p = 0.014). Focal alveolar chest X-ray pattern was associated with survival (OR = 0.13, p = 0.001). We identified 3 clusters, that we named on the basis of the most frequently clinical, biological and radiological features found in each cluster: a "leukemic cluster", with high-risk AML patients with isolated, milder ARF; a "pulmonary cluster", consisting of symptomatic, highly oxygen-requiring, severe ARF with diffuse radiological findings in heavily immunocompromised patients; a clinical "inflammatory cluster", including patients with multi-organ failures in addition to ARF. When included in the multivariate analysis, cluster 2 and 3 were independently associated with hospital mortality.ConclusionsAmong AML patients with ARF, factors associated with a worse outcome are related to patient's background (performance status, leukemic pulmonary involvement), symptoms, radiological findings, the need for vasopressors and the liver SOFA score. We identified three specific ARF syndromes in AML patients, which showed a prognostic significance and could guide clinicians to optimize management strategies.

Project description:BACKGROUND:This retrospective, multicenter study aimed to reveal risk predictors for mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU) as well as survival after ICU discharge in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) requiring treatment in the ICU. METHODS AND RESULTS:Multivariate analysis of data for 187 adults with AML treated in the ICU in one institution revealed the following as independent prognostic factors for death in the ICU: arterial oxygen partial pressure below 72 mmHg, active AML and systemic inflammatory response syndrome upon ICU admission, and need for hemodialysis and mechanical ventilation in the ICU. Based on these variables, we developed an ICU mortality score and validated the score in an independent cohort of 264 patients treated in the ICU in three additional tertiary hospitals. Compared with the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II, the Logistic Organ Dysfunction (LOD) score, and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, our score yielded a better prediction of ICU mortality in the receiver operator characteristics (ROC) analysis (AUC = 0.913 vs. AUC = 0.710 [SAPS II], AUC = 0.708 [LOD], and 0.770 [SOFA] in the training cohort; AUC = 0.841 for the developed score vs. AUC = 0.730 [SAPSII], AUC = 0.773 [LOD], and 0.783 [SOFA] in the validation cohort). Factors predicting decreased survival after ICU discharge were as follows: relapse or refractory disease, previous allogeneic stem cell transplantation, time between hospital admission and ICU admission, time spent in ICU, impaired diuresis, Glasgow Coma Scale <8 and hematocrit of ?25% at ICU admission. Based on these factors, an ICU survival score was created and used for risk stratification into three risk groups. This stratification discriminated distinct survival rates after ICU discharge. CONCLUSIONS:Our data emphasize that although individual risks differ widely depending on the patient and disease status, a substantial portion of critically ill patients with AML benefit from intensive care.

Project description:The outcomes of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for acute manifestation of small-vessel vasculitis are poorly reported. The aim of the present study was to determine the mortality rate and prognostic factors of patients admitted to the ICU for acute small-vessel vasculitis.This retrospective, multicenter study was conducted from January 2001 to December 2014 in 20 ICUs in France. Patients were identified from computerized registers of each hospital using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9). Inclusion criteria were (1) known or highly suspected granulomatosis with polyangiitis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis (respectively, ICD-9 codes M31.3, M30.1, and M31.7), or anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody disease (ICD-9 codes N08.5X-005 or M31.0+); (2) admission to the ICU for the management of an acute manifestation of vasculitis; and (3) administration of a cyclophosphamide pulse in the ICU or within 48 h before admission to the ICU. The primary endpoint was assessment of mortality rate 90 days after admission to the ICU.Eighty-two patients at 20 centers were included, 94% of whom had a recent (<6 months) diagnosis of small-vessel vasculitis. Forty-four patients (54%) had granulomatosis with polyangiitis. The main reasons for admission were respiratory failure (34%) and pulmonary-renal syndrome (33%). Mechanical ventilation was required in 51% of patients, catecholamines in 31%, and renal replacement therapy in 71%. Overall mortality at 90 days was 18% and the mortality in ICU was 16 %. The main causes of death in the ICU were disease flare in 69% and infection in 31%. In univariable analysis, relevant factors associated with death in nonsurvivors compared with survivors were Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (median [interquartile range] 51 [38-82] vs. 36 [27-42], p = 0.005), age (67 years [62-74] vs. 58 years [40-68], p < 0.003), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score on the day of cyclophosphamide administration (11 [6-12] vs. 6 [3-7], p = 0.0004), and delayed administration of cyclophosphamide (5 days [3-14] vs. 2 days [1-5], p = 0.0053).Patients admitted to the ICU for management of acute small-vessel vasculitis benefit from early, aggressive intensive care treatment, associated with an 18% death rate at 90 days.

Project description:Rationale & objectiveUnderlying kidney disease is an emerging risk factor for more severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) illness. We examined the clinical courses of critically ill COVID-19 patients with and without pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and investigated the association between the degree of underlying kidney disease and in-hospital outcomes.Study designRetrospective cohort study.Settings & participants4,264 critically ill patients with COVID-19 (143 patients with pre-existing kidney failure receiving maintenance dialysis; 521 patients with pre-existing non-dialysis-dependent CKD; and 3,600 patients without pre-existing CKD) admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) at 68 hospitals across the United States.Predictor(s)Presence (vs absence) of pre-existing kidney disease.Outcome(s)In-hospital mortality (primary); respiratory failure, shock, ventricular arrhythmia/cardiac arrest, thromboembolic events, major bleeds, and acute liver injury (secondary).Analytical approachWe used standardized differences to compare patient characteristics (values>0.10 indicate a meaningful difference between groups) and multivariable-adjusted Fine and Gray survival models to examine outcome associations.ResultsDialysis patients had a shorter time from symptom onset to ICU admission compared to other groups (median of 4 [IQR, 2-9] days for maintenance dialysis patients; 7 [IQR, 3-10] days for non-dialysis-dependent CKD patients; and 7 [IQR, 4-10] days for patients without pre-existing CKD). More dialysis patients (25%) reported altered mental status than those with non-dialysis-dependent CKD (20%; standardized difference=0.12) and those without pre-existing CKD (12%; standardized difference=0.36). Half of dialysis and non-dialysis-dependent CKD patients died within 28 days of ICU admission versus 35% of patients without pre-existing CKD. Compared to patients without pre-existing CKD, dialysis patients had higher risk for 28-day in-hospital death (adjusted HR, 1.41 [95% CI, 1.09-1.81]), while patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD had an intermediate risk (adjusted HR, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.08-1.44]).LimitationsPotential residual confounding.ConclusionsFindings highlight the high mortality of individuals with underlying kidney disease and severe COVID-19, underscoring the importance of identifying safe and effective COVID-19 therapies in this vulnerable population.

Dataset Information

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia admitted to intensive care: a case-control study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia admitted to intensive care: a case-control study.

Similar Datasets

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