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The familial Parkinson's disease gene DJ-1 (PARK7) is expressed in red cells and plays a role in protection against oxidative damage.

ABSTRACT: The antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) serves as the primary defense against mitochondrial superoxide. Impaired SOD2 activity in murine hematopoietic cells affects erythroid development, resulting in anemia characterized by intra-mitochondrial iron deposition, reticulocytosis and shortened red cell life span. Gene expression profiling of normal and SOD2 deficient erythroblasts identified the Parkinson's disease locus DJ-1 (Park7) as a differentially expressed transcript. To investigate the role of DJ-1 in hematopoietic cell development and protection against oxidative stress caused by Sod2 loss, we evaluated red cell parameters, reticulocyte count, red cell turnover and reactive oxygen species production in DJ-1 knockout animals and chimeric animals lacking both SOD2 and DJ-1 in hematopoietic cells generated by fetal liver transplantation. We also investigated DJ-1 protein expression in primary murine erythroid and erythroleukemia cells (MEL). Loss of DJ-1 exacerbates the phenotype of SOD2 deficiency, increasing reticulocyte count and decreasing red cell survival. Using MEL cells, we show that DJ-1 is up-regulated at the protein level during erythroid differentiation. These results indicate that DJ-1 plays a physiologic role in protection of erythroid cells from oxidant damage, a function unmasked in the context of oxidative stress.

SUBMITTER: Xu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2962440 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The familial Parkinson's disease gene DJ-1 (PARK7) is expressed in red cells and plays a role in protection against oxidative damage.

Xu Xiuling X Martin Florent F Friedman Jeffrey S JS

Blood cells, molecules & diseases 20100830 3

The antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) serves as the primary defense against mitochondrial superoxide. Impaired SOD2 activity in murine hematopoietic cells affects erythroid development, resulting in anemia characterized by intra-mitochondrial iron deposition, reticulocytosis and shortened red cell life span. Gene expression profiling of normal and SOD2 deficient erythroblasts identified the Parkinson's disease locus DJ-1 (Park7) as a differentially expressed transcript. To ...[more]

PMID: 20800516

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Project description:PARK7/DJ-1 is a Parkinson disease- and cancer-associated protein that functions as a multifunctional protein involved in gene transcription regulation and anti-oxidative defense. Although PARK7 lacks the secretory signal sequence, it is secreted and plays important physiological and pathophysiological roles. Whereas secretory proteins that lack the endoplasmic reticulum-targeting signal sequence are secreted from cells by way of what is called the unconventional secretion mechanism, the specific processes responsible for causing PARK7 to be secreted across the plasma membrane have remained unclear. In the present study, we found that PARK7 secretion was increased by treatment with 6-OHDA via the unconventional secretory pathway in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and MEF cells. We also found that 6-OHDA-induced PARK7 secretion was suppressed in Atg5-, Atg9-, or Atg16l1-deficient MEF cells or ATG16L1 knockdown SH-SY5Y cells, indicating that the autophagy-based unconventional secretory pathway is involved in PARK7 secretion. We moreover observed that 6-OHDA-derived electrophilic quinone induced oxidative stress as indicated by a decrease in glutathione levels, and that this was suppressed by pretreatment with antioxidant NAC. We further found that NAC treatment suppressed autophagy and PARK7 secretion. We also observed that 6-OHDA-induced autophagy was associated with activation of AMPK and ULK1 via a pathway which was independent of MTOR. Collectively these results suggest that electrophilic 6-OHDA quinone enhances oxidative stress, and that this is followed by AMPK-ULK1 pathway activation and induction of secretory autophagy to produce unconventional secretion of PARK7. ABBREVIATIONS:6-OHDA: 6-hydroxydopamine; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG: autophagy related; CAV1: caveolin 1; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; FN1: fibronectin 1; GSH: glutathione; IDE: insulin degrading enzyme; IL: interleukin; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MEF: mouse embryonic fibroblast; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NAC: N-acetyl-L-cysteine; PARK7/DJ-1: Parkinsonism associated deglycase; PD: Parkinson disease; RPS6KB1/p70S6K: ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1; RPN1: ribophorin I; ROS: reactive oxygen species; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; WT: wild-type.

Project description:Early-onset Parkinson's disease can be caused by mutations in the gene PARK7. Many functions have been proposed for PARK7, but in vivo evidence is largely lacking or conflicting with enzymological data. Here, we provide unequivocal evidence that PARK7 and its orthologues can prevent damage of proteins and metabolites inflicted by the glycolytic intermediate 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate, without changing the abundance of this metabolite. In the absence of PARK7, several glycerate-modified metabolites, as well as numerous glycerate- or phosphoglycerate-modified proteins accumulate in human cell lines, mouse brain and flies. This gives an explanation for the pleiotropic effects of PARK7, indicates that spontaneous metabolic damage contributes to the development of hereditary Parkinson's disease, and opens new roads for future therapeutic approaches. Submitted here are the proteomics analyses, where we identify and quantify glyceroyl- and phosphoglyceroyl-modifications of lysine residues in 5 different experimental models. 1. The human colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 was analyzed in four different conditions: a. Wild type cells transduced with an empty recombinant empty lentivirus b. PARK7 knockout cells transduced with an empty recombinant empty lentivirus c. PARK7 knockout cells transduced with a recombinant lentivirus driving expression of PARK7. 2. Brain samples from wild type and PARK7 knockout mice. 3. Red blood cell lysates from wild type and PARK7 knockout mice 4. Whole body extracts from wild type and DJ1beta knockout Drosophila melanogaster 5. In vitro reactions where 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate was produced either by GAPDH or PGK, in the presence and absence of PARK7. Samples were a. Enzymes in the absence of any cofactors (i.e. no 1,3-BPG production) b. Production via GAPDH (using glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, phosphate and NAD+ as substrates) in the presence or absence of PARK7 c. Production via PGK (using 3-phosphoglycerate and ATP as substrates) in the presence or absence of PARK7.

Dataset Information

The familial Parkinson's disease gene DJ-1 (PARK7) is expressed in red cells and plays a role in protection against oxidative damage.

Publications

The familial Parkinson's disease gene DJ-1 (PARK7) is expressed in red cells and plays a role in protection against oxidative damage.

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