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Dl-Asparaginium nitrate.

ABSTRACT: In the title compound, C(4)H(9)N(2)O(3) (+)·NO(3) (-), alternatively called (1RS)-2-carbamoyl-1-carboxy-ethanaminium nitrate, the asymmetric unit comprises one asparaginium cation and one nitrate anion. The strongest cation-cation O-H?O hydrogen bond in the structure, together with other strong cation-cation N-H?O hydrogen bonds, generates a succession of infinite chains of R(2) (2)(8) rings along the b axis. Additional cation-cation C-H?O hydrogen bonds link these chains into two-dimensional layers formed by alternating R(4) (4)(24) and R(4) (2)(12) rings. Connections between these layers are provided by the strong cation-anion N-H?O hydrogen bonds, as well as by one weak C-H?O inter-action, thus forming a three-dimensional network. Some of the cation-anion N-H?O hydrogen bonds are bifurcated of the type D-H?(A(1),A(2)).

SUBMITTER: Moussa Slimane N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2970112 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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dl-Asparaginium nitrate.

Moussa Slimane Nabila N Cherouana Aouatef A Bendjeddou Lamia L Dahaoui Slimane S Lecomte Claude C

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online 20090819 Pt 9

In the title compound, C(4)H(9)N(2)O(3) (+)·NO(3) (-), alternatively called (1RS)-2-carbamoyl-1-carboxy-ethanaminium nitrate, the asymmetric unit comprises one asparaginium cation and one nitrate anion. The strongest cation-cation O-H⋯O hydrogen bond in the structure, together with other strong cation-cation N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generates a succession of infinite chains of R(2) (2)(8) rings along the b axis. Additional cation-cation C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link these chains into two-dimensional la ...[more]

PMID: 21577586

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Project description:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer death globally and new biomarkers and treatments are severely needed.Here, we employed HCT116 and LoVo human CRC cells made resistant to either SN38 or oxaliplatin, to investigate whether altered expression of the high affinity glutamate transporters Solute Carrier (SLC)-1A1 and -1A3 (EAAT3, EAAT1) is associated with the resistant phenotypes. Analyses included real-time quantitative PCR, immunoblotting and immunofluorescence analyses, radioactive tracer flux measurements, and biochemical analyses of cell viability and glutathione content. Results were evaluated using one- and two-way ANOVA and Students two-tailed t-test, as relevant.In SN38-resistant HCT116 and LoVo cells, SLC1A1 expression was down-regulated ~60 % and up-regulated ~4-fold, respectively, at both mRNA and protein level, whereas SLC1A3 protein was undetectable. The changes in SLC1A1 expression were accompanied by parallel changes in DL-Threo-?-Benzyloxyaspartic acid (TBOA)-sensitive, UCPH101-insensitive [(3)H]-D-Aspartate uptake, consistent with increased activity of SLC1A1 (or other family members), yet not of SLC1A3. DL-TBOA co-treatment concentration-dependently augmented loss of cell viability induced by SN38, while strongly counteracting that induced by oxaliplatin, in both HCT116 and LoVo cells. This reflected neither altered expression of the oxaliplatin transporter Cu(2+)-transporter-1 (CTR1), nor changes in cellular reduced glutathione (GSH), although HCT116 cell resistance per se correlated with increased cellular GSH. DL-TBOA did not significantly alter cellular levels of p21, cleaved PARP-1, or phospho-Retinoblastoma protein, yet altered SLC1A1 subcellular localization, and reduced chemotherapy-induced p53 induction.SLC1A1 expression and glutamate transporter activity are altered in SN38-resistant CRC cells. Importantly, the non-selective glutamate transporter inhibitor DL-TBOA reduces chemotherapy-induced p53 induction and augments CRC cell death induced by SN38, while attenuating that induced by oxaliplatin. These findings may point to novel treatment options in treatment-resistant CRC.

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Dl-Asparaginium nitrate.

Publications

dl-Asparaginium nitrate.

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