Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Inducing chromosome pairing through premature condensation: analysis of wheat interspecific hybrids.

ABSTRACT: At the onset of meiosis, chromosomes first decondense and then condense as the process of recognition and intimate pairing occurs between homologous chromosomes. We show here that okadaic acid, a drug known to induce chromosome condensation, can be introduced into wheat interspecific hybrids prior to meiosis to induce chromosome pairing. This pairing occurs in the presence of the Ph1 locus, which usually suppresses pairing of related chromosomes and which we show here delays condensation. Thus the timing of chromosome condensation during the onset of meiosis is an important factor in controlling chromosome pairing.

SUBMITTER: Knight E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2970806 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Inducing chromosome pairing through premature condensation: analysis of wheat interspecific hybrids.

Knight Emilie E Greer Emma E Draeger Tracie T Thole Vera V Reader Steve S Shaw Peter P Moore Graham G

Functional & integrative genomics 20100731 4

At the onset of meiosis, chromosomes first decondense and then condense as the process of recognition and intimate pairing occurs between homologous chromosomes. We show here that okadaic acid, a drug known to induce chromosome condensation, can be introduced into wheat interspecific hybrids prior to meiosis to induce chromosome pairing. This pairing occurs in the presence of the Ph1 locus, which usually suppresses pairing of related chromosomes and which we show here delays condensation. Thus t ...[more]

PMID: 20676714

Similar Datasets

Epstein-Barr virus BGLF4 kinase induces premature chromosome condensation through activation of condensin and topoisomerase II.

Project description:Previous studies of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) replication focused mainly on the viral and cellular factors involved in replication compartment assembly and controlling the cell cycle. However, little is known about how EBV reorganizes nuclear architecture and the chromatin territories. In EBV-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma NA cells or Akata cells, we noticed that cellular chromatin becomes highly condensed upon EBV reactivation. In searching for the possible mechanisms involved, we found that transient expression of EBV BGLF4 kinase induces unscheduled chromosome condensation, nuclear lamina disassembly, and stress fiber rearrangements, independently of cellular DNA replication and Cdc2 activity. BGLF4 interacts with condensin complexes, the major components in mitotic chromosome assembly, and induces condensin phosphorylation at Cdc2 consensus motifs. BGLF4 also stimulates the decatenation activity of topoisomerase II, suggesting that it may induce chromosome condensation through condensin and topoisomerase II activation. The ability to induce chromosome condensation is conserved in another gammaherpesvirus kinase, murine herpesvirus 68 ORF36. Together, these findings suggest a novel mechanism by which gammaherpesvirus kinases may induce multiple premature mitotic events to provide more extrachromosomal space for viral DNA replication and successful egress of nucleocapsid from the nucleus.

| S-EPMC1900198 | biostudies-literature

Chromosome Stability of Synthetic-Natural Wheat Hybrids.

Project description:Primary allopolyploids are not only ideal materials to study species evolution, but also important bridges in incorporating genetic diversity of wild species into crops. Primary allopolyploids typically exhibit chromosome instability that a disadvantage trait in crop breeding. Newly synthesized hexaploid wheat has been widely used in wheat genetics and breeding studies. To better understand the cytological and genetic basis of chromosome instability, this study investigated the chromosomes of a large number of seeds derived from the synthetic wheat SHW-L1 and its hybrids with natural wheat. SHW-L1 exhibited persistent chromosome instability since we observed a high frequent chromosome variation de novo generated from euploid SHW-L1 plants at the 14th generation of selfing (F14). High frequent chromosome variations were also observed in the F2 hybrids and most of the analyzed recombinant inbred lines (RILs) at F14, derived from the cross of SHW-L1 with common wheat variety Chuanmai 32. Chromosome instability was associated with frequent univalency during meiotic metaphase I. The experiment on reciprocal crosses between SHW-L1 and Chuanmai 32 indicated that cytoplasm has not obvious effects on chromosome instability. An analysis on 48 F14 RILs revealed chromosome variation frequency was not associated with the Ph1 alleles from either SHW-L1 or Chuanmai 32, rejecting the hypothesis that chromosome instability was due to the Ph1 role of synthetic wheat. In the analyzed RILs, chromosome instability influences the phenotype uniformity, showing as obvious trait differences among plants within a RIL. However, the analyzed commercial varieties only containing ∼12.5% genomic components of synthetic wheat were chromosomally stable, indicating that chromosome instability caused by synthetic wheat can be effectively overcome by increasing the genetic background of common wheat.

| S-EPMC8010257 | biostudies-literature

Condensin plays a role in both interphase nuclei and premature chromosome condensation

Project description:Purpose: to identify how condensin I removal affects gene expression globally. Methods: Chicken DT40 CAP-H KO cells were treated with or without dox for 36 h. Total RNA samples were extracted and subjected to sequencing using an Illumina Hiseq2000 platform. Library preparation and Illumina sequencing were performed by Macrogen (South Korea). The sequence tags were spliced-mapped onto the chicken genome galGal4 using Tophat and Bowtie2 following quality test using FASTQC. Differential expression of genes was analyzed using the Bioconductor v2.3 package edgeR v3.2.3. Tag enrichment in NCBI RefSeq genes was calculated between dox-treated and untreated cells using edgeR exact test with tag-wise dispersion estimation. Results: We identified a total of 3798 genes to be differentially expressed in G1 condensin I-depleted chicken DT40 cells: 2495 down regulated and 1303 up regulated. Conclusions: Removal of CAP-H leads to significant misregulation of gene expression, suggesting a key role for condensin I in transcription during interphase. Total RNA profiles of CAP-H KO cells with or without Dox were generated by sequencing using Illumina Hiseq2000 platform.

2017-05-03 | E-GEOD-74892 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome composition in Brassica interspecific hybrids affects chromosome inheritance and viability of progeny.

Project description:Interspecific hybridization is widespread in nature and can result in the formation of new hybrid species as well as the transfer of traits between species. However, the fate of newly formed hybrid lineages is relatively understudied. We undertook pairwise crossing between multiple genotypes of three Brassica allotetraploid species Brassica juncea (2n = AABB), Brassica carinata (2n = BBCC), and Brassica napus (2n = AACC) to generate AABC, BBAC, and CCAB interspecific hybrids and investigated chromosome inheritance and fertility in these hybrids and their self-pollinated progeny. Surprisingly, despite the presence of a complete diploid genome in all hybrids, hybrid fertility was very low. AABC and BBAC first generation (F1) hybrids both averaged ~16% pollen viability compared to 3.5% in CCAB hybrids: most CCAB hybrid flowers were male-sterile. AABC and CCAB F1 hybrid plants averaged 5.5 and 0.5 seeds per plant, respectively, and BBAC F1 hybrids ~56 seeds/plant. In the second generation (S1), all confirmed self-pollinated progeny resulting from CCAB hybrids were sterile, producing no self-pollinated seeds. Three AABC S1 hybrids putatively resulting from unreduced gametes produced 3, 14, and 182 seeds each, while other AABC S1 hybrids averaged 1.5 seeds/plant (0-8). BBAC S1 hybrids averaged 44 seeds/plant (range 0-403). We also observed strong bias towards retention rather than loss of the haploid genomes, suggesting that the subgenomes in the Brassica allotetraploids are already highly interdependent, such that loss of one subgenome is detrimental to fertility and viability. Our results suggest that relationships between subgenomes determine hybridization outcomes in these species.

| S-EPMC10439240 | biostudies-literature

Homologous chromosome associations in domains before meiosis could facilitate chromosome recognition and pairing in wheat.

Project description:The increasing human population demands an increase in crop yields that must be implemented through breeding programmes to ensure a more efficient and sustainable production of agro-food products. In the framework of breeding, genetic crosses are developed between cultivated species such as wheat and their relative species that are used as genetic donors to transfer desirable agronomic traits into the crop. Unfortunately, interspecific associations between chromosomes from the donor species and the cultivar are rare during meiosis, the process to produce gametes in organisms with sexual reproduction, hampering the transfer of genetic variability into wheat. In addition, little is known about how homologous (equivalent) chromosomes initiate interaction and recognition within the cell nucleus to enter meiosis. In this context, we aim to get insight into wheat chromatin structure, particularly the distribution of homologous chromosomes within the cell nucleus and their putative interactions in premeiotic stages to facilitate chromosome associations and recombination at the beginning of meiosis. Cytogenetics allows the study of both the structure and the behaviour of chromosomes during meiosis and is key in plant breeding. In this study we visualized an extra pair of barley homologous chromosomes in a wheat genetic background to study the spatial distribution, arrangements and interactions occurring exclusively between this pair of homologous chromosomes during premeiosis using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Our results suggest that homologous chromosomes can initiate interactions in premeiotic stages that could facilitate the processes of specific chromosome recognition and association occurring at the onset of meiosis.

| S-EPMC9217977 | biostudies-literature

An mre11 mutant of Coprinus cinereus has defects in meiotic chromosome pairing, condensation and synapsis.

Project description:The rad11 gene of the basidiomycete Coprinus cinereus is required for the completion of meiosis and for survival after gamma irradiation. We have cloned the rad11 gene and shown that it is a homolog of MRE11, a gene required for meiosis and DNA repair in numerous organisms. The expression of C. cinereus mre11 is induced during prophase I of meiosis and following gamma irradiation. The gene encodes a predicted polypeptide of 731 amino acids, and the mre11-1 (rad11-1) mutation is a single base pair change that results in a stop codon after amino acid 315. The mre11-1 mutant shows enhanced sensitivity to ionizing radiation, but no enhanced sensitivity to UV radiation. It shows a delay in fruitbody formation and a reduction in the number of mushrooms formed per dikaryon. The mre11-1 mutant also has several meiotic defects. Pachytene chromatin condensation is disrupted, and although some meiotic cells appear to achieve metaphase I condensation, no further meiotic progression is observed. The mre11-1 mutant also fails to undergo proper chromosome synapsis; neither axial elements nor mature synaptonemal complexes are complete. Finally, meiotic homolog pairing is reduced in the mre11-1 mutant. Thus, in C. cinereus, Mre11 is required for meiotic DNA metabolism.

| S-EPMC1460984 | biostudies-other

Abnormal pairing of X and Y sex chromosomes during meiosis I in interspecific hybrids of Phodopus campbelli and P. sungorus.

Project description:Hybrid sterility plays an important role in the maintenance of species identity and promotion of speciation. Male interspecific hybrids from crosses between Campbell's dwarf hamster (Phodopus campbelli) and the Djungarian hamster (P. sungorus) exhibit sterility with abnormal spermatogenesis. However, the meiotic phenotype of these hybrids has not been well described. In the present work, we observed the accumulation of spermatocytes and apoptosis of spermatocyte-like cells in the testes of hybrids between P. campbelli females and P. sungorus males. In hybrid spermatocytes, a high frequency of asynapsis of X and Y chromosomes during the pachytene-like stage and dissociation of these chromosomes during metaphase I (MI) was observed. No autosomal univalency was observed during pachytene-like and MI stages in the hybrids; however, a low frequency of synapsis between autosomes and X or Y chromosomes, interlocking and partial synapsis between autosomal pairs, and γ-H2AFX staining in autosomal chromatin was observed during the pachytene-like stage. Degenerated MI-like nuclei were frequently observed in the hybrids. Most of the spermatozoa in hybrid epididymides exhibited head malformation. These results indicate that the pairing of X and Y chromosomes is more adversely affected than that of autosomes in Phodopus hybrids.

| S-EPMC4371188 | biostudies-literature

Transcriptome analysis of response to drought in poplar interspecific hybrids.

Project description:To investigate the response of poplar hybrids to drought, leaves were collected from plants to which water was suspended for 8 and 13 days. After measuring the respective relative water content, RNAs were isolated from leaves of moderately and severely droughted plants and from control plants, and Illumina RNA sequencing was performed to analyze RNA synthesis in these tissues. Our data provide a resource (available at Gene Expression Omnibus database under GSE64044) to be employed for comparative analyses of drought response in different poplar species, with the long-term aim of developing strategies to improve plant productivity under drought.

| S-EPMC4535942 | biostudies-literature

Loss of centromeric histone H3 (CENH3) from centromeres precedes uniparental chromosome elimination in interspecific barley hybrids.

Project description:Uniparental chromosome elimination occurs in several interspecific hybrids of plants. We studied the mechanism underlying selective elimination of the paternal chromosomes during the early development of Hordeum vulgare × Hordeum bulbosum embryos. The following conclusions regarding the role of the centromere-specific histone H3 variant (CENH3) in the process of chromosome elimination were drawn: (i) centromere inactivity of H. bulbosum chromosomes triggers the mitosis-dependent process of uniparental chromosome elimination in unstable H. vulgare × H. bulbosum hybrids; (ii) centromeric loss of CENH3 protein rather than uniparental silencing of CENH3 genes causes centromere inactivity; (iii) in stable species combinations, cross-species incorporation of CENH3 occurs despite centromere-sequence differences, and not all CENH3 variants get incorporated into centromeres if multiple CENH3s are present in species combinations; and (iv) diploid barley species encode two CENH3 variants, the proteins of which are intermingled within centromeres throughout mitosis and meiosis.

| S-EPMC3158150 | biostudies-literature

Condensin plays a role in both interphase nuclei and premature chromosome condensation

2017-05-03 | GSE74892 | GEO