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Isoflavonoids - an overview of their biological activities and potential health benefits.

ABSTRACT: There are many biological activities attributed to isoflavonoids. The majority of them could be beneficial and some of them may be detrimental, depending on specific circumstances. Isoflavonoids play an important role in human nutrition as health promoting natural chemicals. They belong to plant secondary metabolites that mediate diverse biological functions through numerous pathways. They are structurally similar to estrogens, exerting both estrogenic and antiestrogenic properties in various tissues. The results of epidemiologic studies exploring the role of isoflavonoids in human health have been inconclusive. Some studies support the notion of a protective effect of their consumption in immunomodulation, cognition, risk reduction of certain cancers, cardiovascular and skin diseases, osteoporosis and obesity, as well as relief of menopausal symptoms. Other studies failed to demonstrate any effects.

SUBMITTER: Miadokova E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2984117 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Isoflavonoids - an overview of their biological activities and potential health benefits.

Miadoková Eva E

Interdisciplinary toxicology 20091228 4

There are many biological activities attributed to isoflavonoids. The majority of them could be beneficial and some of them may be detrimental, depending on specific circumstances. Isoflavonoids play an important role in human nutrition as health promoting natural chemicals. They belong to plant secondary metabolites that mediate diverse biological functions through numerous pathways. They are structurally similar to estrogens, exerting both estrogenic and antiestrogenic properties in various ti ...[more]

PMID: 21217857

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Project description:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the response of estrogen target cells to a series of isoflavone glucosides and aglycones from Genista halacsyi Heldr. The methanolic extract of aerial parts of this plant was processed using fast centrifugal partition chromatography, resulting in isolation of four archetypal isoflavones (genistein, daidzein, isoprunetin, 8-C-?-D-glucopyranosyl-genistein) and ten derivatives thereof. 7-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-genistein and 7,4?-di-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-genistein were among the most abundant constituents of the isolate. All fourteen, except genistein, displayed low binding affinity for estrogen receptors (ER). Models of binding to ER? could account for the low binding affinity of monoglucosides. Genistein and its glucosides displayed full efficacy in inducing alkaline phosphatase (AlkP) in Ishikawa cells, proliferation of MCF-7 cells and ER-dependent gene expression in reporter cells at low concentrations (around 0.3 ?M). ICI182,780 fully antagonized these effects. The AlkP-inducing efficacy of the fourteen isoflavonoids was more strongly correlated with their transcriptional efficacy through ER?. O-monoglucosides displayed higher area under the dose-response curve (AUC) of AlkP response relative to the AUC of ER?-transcriptional response compared to the respective aglycones. In addition, 7-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-genistein and 7,4?-di-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-genistein displayed estradiol-like efficacy in promoting differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells to osteoblasts, while genistein was not convincingly effective in this respect. Moreover, 7,4?-di-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-genistein suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 cells, while 7-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-genistein was not convincingly effective and genistein was ineffective. However, genistein and its O-glucosides were ineffective in inhibiting differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells to osteoclasts and in protecting glutamate-challenged HT22 hippocampal neurons from oxidative stress-induced cell death. These findings suggest that 7-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-genistein and 7,4?-di-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-genistein display higher estrogen-like and/or anti-inflammatory activity compared to the aglycone. The possibility of using preparations rich in O-?-D-glucopyranosides of genistein to substitute for low-dose estrogen in formulations for menopausal symptoms is discussed.

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Isoflavonoids - an overview of their biological activities and potential health benefits.

Publications

Isoflavonoids - an overview of their biological activities and potential health benefits.

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