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Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation from mid-pregnancy to parturition influenced breast milk fatty acid concentrations at 1 month postpartum in Mexican women.

ABSTRACT: (n-3) PUFA, including DHA, are essential for neural development and accumulate extensively in the fetal and infant brain. (n-3) PUFA concentrations in breast milk, which are largely dependent on maternal diet and tissue stores, are correlated with infant PUFA status. We investigated the effect of prenatal DHA supplementation on PUFA concentrations in breast milk at 1 mo postpartum. In a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial conducted in Mexico, pregnant women were supplemented daily with 400 mg DHA or placebo from 18-22 wk gestation to parturition. Fatty acid concentrations in breast milk obtained from 174 women at 1 mo postpartum were determined using GLC and were expressed as % by weight of total detected fatty acids. Breast milk DHA concentrations in the DHA and placebo groups were (mean ± SD) 0.20 ± 0.06 and 0.17 ± 0.07 (P < 0.01), respectively, and those of ?-linolenic acid (ALA) were 1.38 ± 0.47 and 1.24 ± 0.46 (P = 0.01), respectively. Concentrations of EPA and arachidonic acid did not differ between groups (P > 0.05). Maternal plasma DHA concentrations at 1 mo postpartum correlated positively with breast milk DHA at 1 mo postpartum in both the placebo and DHA groups (r = 0.4; P < 0.01 for both treatment groups). Prenatal DHA supplementation from 18-22 wk gestation to parturition increased concentrations of DHA and ALA in breast milk at 1 mo postpartum, providing a mechanism through which breast-fed infants could benefit.

SUBMITTER: Imhoff-Kunsch B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3021452 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation from mid-pregnancy to parturition influenced breast milk fatty acid concentrations at 1 month postpartum in Mexican women.

Imhoff-Kunsch Beth B Stein Aryeh D AD Villalpando Salvador S Martorell Reynaldo R Ramakrishnan Usha U

The Journal of nutrition 20101222 2

(n-3) PUFA, including DHA, are essential for neural development and accumulate extensively in the fetal and infant brain. (n-3) PUFA concentrations in breast milk, which are largely dependent on maternal diet and tissue stores, are correlated with infant PUFA status. We investigated the effect of prenatal DHA supplementation on PUFA concentrations in breast milk at 1 mo postpartum. In a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial conducted in Mexico, pregnant women were supplemented daily with 40 ...[more]

PMID: 21178076

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Project description:BackgroundMaternal micronutrient deficits during preconception and pregnancy may persist during lactation and compromise human milk composition.ObjectiveWe measured micronutrient concentrations in human milk and investigated their association with maternal micronutrient intakes, status, and milk volume.MethodsInfant milk intake (measured via a deuterium dose-to-mother technique), milk micronutrient and fat concentrations, and maternal micronutrient intakes were assessed at 2 and 5 mo postpartum in 212 Indonesian lactating mother-infant pairs. Maternal hemoglobin, ferritin, transferrin receptors, retinol binding protein (RBP), zinc, selenium, and vitamin B-12 were measured at 5 mo (n = 163). Multivariate or mixed effects regression examined associations of milk micronutrient concentrations with maternal micronutrient intakes, status, and milk volume.ResultsPrevalence of anemia (15%), and iron (15% based on body iron), selenium (2.5%), and vitamin B-12 deficiency (0%) were low compared with deficiencies of zinc (60%) and vitamin A (34%). The prevalence of inadequate intakes was >50% for 7 micronutrients at 2 and 5 mo. Median milk concentrations for most micronutrients were below reference values, and nearly all declined between 2 and 5 mo postpartum and were not associated substantially with milk volume (except for β-carotene, α-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin). At 5 mo postpartum, associations between maternal micronutrient status and corresponding milk concentrations reported as mean percentage difference in human milk concentration for each unit higher maternal biomarker were significant for hemoglobin (1.9%), iron biomarkers (ranging from 0.4 to 7%), RBP (35%), selenium (70%), and vitamin B-12 (0.1%), yet for maternal intakes only a positive association with β-carotene existed.ConclusionsMost milk micronutrient concentrations declined during lactation, independent of changes in human milk production, and few were associated with maternal micronutrient intakes. The significant associations between maternal biomarkers and milk micronutrient concentrations at 5 mo warrant further study to investigate whether the declines in milk micronutrients are linked to shifts in maternal status.

Project description:BackgroundEvidence suggests that inadequate hospital practices, as well as sociocultural and community factors have detrimental effects on timely initiation as the first breastfeed within first hour after birth, and exclusive breastfeeding. The purpose of the study was to examine the factors that influence timely initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding at birth and 1 month postpartum in Mexican women delivering in public and private hospitals.MethodsMixed methods were conducted between May and July 2017, including surveys (n = 543) and semi-structured interviews (n = 60) in the immediate (7 h) and intermediate (30 days) postpartum periods. Participants were women aged 15-49 years, in public and private hospitals, of urban and rural municipalities of Chihuahua and Puebla, Mexico.ResultsTimely initiation was reported by 49.4% of mothers, and 34.7% reported that their children received infant formula at the hospital. Only 44.8% of women reported exclusive breastfeeding at 1 month postpartum. Timely initiation of breastfeeding was higher in women with vaginal delivery (62.1 vs 35.5%; p < 0.05) and those who received information during pregnancy (OR 1.07; p = 0.018). Exclusive breastfeeding at 1 month postpartum was related to older maternal age (OR 1.05; p < 0.001) and the fact that the mothers had received more information about breastfeeding during pregnancy (OR 1.13; p = 0.0001). Infant formula use was less associated with timely initiation (OR 0.46; p = 0.001). Participants in qualitative data identified the emotional, physical and economic benefits of breastfeeding, however, the perception about insufficient production of human milk, and the belief that infant formula is recommended, persists.ConclusionsModification of hospital practices, such as decreasing the number of cesarean and the use of infant formula, as well as the support of the initiation and continuation of exclusive breastfeeding by health personnel and family members, could help increase breastfeeding practices in Mexican women.

Project description:Genetic improvement of milk fatty acid content traits in dairy cattle is of great significance. However, chromatography-based methods to measure milk fatty acid content have several disadvantages. Thus, quick and accurate predictions of various milk fatty acid contents based on the mid-infrared spectrum (MIRS) from dairy herd improvement (DHI) data are essential and meaningful to expand the amount of phenotypic data available. In this study, 24 kinds of milk fatty acid concentrations were measured from the milk samples of 336 Holstein cows in Shandong Province, China, using the gas chromatography (GC) technique, which simultaneously produced MIRS values for the prediction of fatty acids. After quantification by the GC technique, milk fatty acid contents expressed as g/100 g of milk (milk-basis) and g/100 g of fat (fat-basis) were processed by five spectral pre-processing algorithms: first-order derivative (DER1), second-order derivative (DER2), multiple scattering correction (MSC), standard normal transform (SNV), and Savitzky-Golsy convolution smoothing (SG), and four regression models: random forest regression (RFR), partial least square regression (PLSR), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LassoR), and ridge regression (RidgeR). Two ranges of wavebands (4000~400 cm-1 and 3017~2823 cm-1/1805~1734 cm-1) were also used in the above analysis. The prediction accuracy was evaluated using a 10-fold cross validation procedure, with the ratio of the training set and the test set as 3:1, where the determination coefficient (R2) and residual predictive deviation (RPD) were used for evaluations. The results showed that 17 out of 31 milk fatty acids were accurately predicted using MIRS, with RPD values higher than 2 and R2 values higher than 0.75. In addition, 16 out of 31 fatty acids were accurately predicted by RFR, indicating that the ensemble learning model potentially resulted in a higher prediction accuracy. Meanwhile, DER1, DER2 and SG pre-processing algorithms led to high prediction accuracy for most fatty acids. In summary, these results imply that the application of MIRS to predict the fatty acid contents of milk is feasible.

Dataset Information

Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation from mid-pregnancy to parturition influenced breast milk fatty acid concentrations at 1 month postpartum in Mexican women.

Publications

Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation from mid-pregnancy to parturition influenced breast milk fatty acid concentrations at 1 month postpartum in Mexican women.

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