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Temporal evolution of oscillatory activity predicts performance in a choice-reaction time reaching task.

ABSTRACT: In this study, we characterized the patterns and timing of cortical activation of visually guided movements in a task with critical temporal demands. In particular, we investigated the neural correlates of motor planning and on-line adjustments of reaching movements in a choice-reaction time task. High-density electroencephalography (EEG, 256 electrodes) was recorded in 13 subjects performing reaching movements. The topography of the movement-related spectral perturbation was established across five 250-ms temporal windows (from prestimulus to postmovement) and five frequency bands (from theta to beta). Nine regions of interest were then identified on the scalp, and their activity was correlated with specific behavioral outcomes reflecting motor planning and on-line adjustments. Phase coherence analysis was performed between selected sites. We found that motor planning and on-line adjustments share similar topography in a fronto-parietal network, involving mostly low frequency bands. In addition, activities in the high and low frequency ranges have differential function in the modulation of attention with the former reflecting the prestimulus, top-down processes needed to promote timely responses, and the latter the planning and control of sensory-motor processes.

SUBMITTER: Perfetti B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3023373 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Temporal evolution of oscillatory activity predicts performance in a choice-reaction time reaching task.

Perfetti Bernardo B Moisello Clara C Landsness Eric C EC Kvint Svetlana S Pruski April A Onofrj Marco M Tononi Giulio G Ghilardi M Felice MF

Journal of neurophysiology 20101103 1

In this study, we characterized the patterns and timing of cortical activation of visually guided movements in a task with critical temporal demands. In particular, we investigated the neural correlates of motor planning and on-line adjustments of reaching movements in a choice-reaction time task. High-density electroencephalography (EEG, 256 electrodes) was recorded in 13 subjects performing reaching movements. The topography of the movement-related spectral perturbation was established across ...[more]

PMID: 21047934

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Project description:BackgroundThe neurochemical status and hyperactivity of mice lacking functional substance P-preferring NK1 receptors (NK1R-/-) resemble abnormalities in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Here we tested whether NK1R-/- mice express other core features of ADHD (impulsivity and inattentiveness) and, if so, whether they are diminished by d-amphetamine, as in ADHD. Prompted by evidence that circadian rhythms are disrupted in ADHD, we also compared the performance of mice that were trained and tested in the morning or afternoon.Methods and resultsThe 5-Choice Serial Reaction-Time Task (5-CSRTT) was used to evaluate the cognitive performance of NK1R-/- mice and their wildtypes. After training, animals were tested using a long (LITI) and a variable (VITI) inter-trial interval: these tests were carried out with, and without, d-amphetamine pretreatment (0.3 or 1 mg/kg i.p.). NK1R-/- mice expressed greater omissions (inattentiveness), perseveration and premature responses (impulsivity) in the 5-CSRTT. In NK1R-/- mice, perseveration in the LITI was increased by injection-stress but reduced by d-amphetamine. Omissions by NK1R-/- mice in the VITI were unaffected by d-amphetamine, but premature responses were exacerbated by this psychostimulant. Omissions in the VITI were higher, overall, in the morning than the afternoon but, in the LITI, premature responses of NK1R-/- mice were higher in the afternoon than the morning.ConclusionIn addition to locomotor hyperactivity, NK1R-/- mice express inattentiveness, perseveration and impulsivity in the 5-CSRTT, thereby matching core criteria for a model of ADHD. Because d-amphetamine reduced perseveration in NK1R-/- mice, this action does not require functional NK1R. However, the lack of any improvement of omissions and premature responses in NK1R-/- mice given d-amphetamine suggests that beneficial effects of this psychostimulant in other rodent models, and ADHD patients, need functional NK1R. Finally, our results reveal experimental variables (stimulus parameters, stress and time of day) that could influence translational studies.

Project description:Uncontrollable binge drinking is becoming an increasingly prevalent issue in our society. This is a factor that plays a role in the development of alcohol use disorder (AUD). AUD impacts 15 million Americans annually, with approximately 88,000 dying from alcohol related deaths. There are several aspects of AUD that encourage a strong dependence on alcohol. Impulsivity, motivation, and attention are the primary behavioral facets we contribute to AUD. Many past studies have used the 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task (5-Choice) to analyze these types of behaviors using sugar as the reward. We have recently published a study where alcohol was used as a reward in the 5-Choice. 48 mice were trained to respond for alcohol in the 5-Choice, and the analyses for these animals were originally categorized by their alcohol preference and consumption. Upon looking at the data, we became more interested in a new way to classify these mice into groups. High engaged (HE) and low engaged (LE) mice were classified based on their number of correct responses in the last five late-stage sessions. During early-stage training, mice began to separate themselves into two groups based on their interaction with the task. The high-engaged (HE) mice were much more engaged with the task by having a high number of trials and correct responses, as well as a much lower percentage of omissions. The low engaged (LE) mice were not as engaged, this was apparent because of their lower number of trials and correct responses. They also had a much higher percentage of omissions in comparison to HE mice. LE mice presented no significant changes in late-stage training, while HE mice began responding and engaging more. These mice went through a period of intermittent access (IA), where they were allowed to drink alcohol in their cage for 3 weeks. After intermittent access, LE mice increased their responding which suggests an increase in motivation for alcohol as a reward. Engagement analysis presents two clearly different groups, one being motivated to work for alcohol and the other not wanting to work for this reward. These two distinct phenotypes in the 5-Choice could be used to model alcohol motivated behavior, which could help us further understand AUD.

Dataset Information

Temporal evolution of oscillatory activity predicts performance in a choice-reaction time reaching task.

Publications

Temporal evolution of oscillatory activity predicts performance in a choice-reaction time reaching task.

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