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Myosin-X is required for cranial neural crest cell migration in Xenopus laevis.


ABSTRACT: Myosin-X (MyoX) belongs to a large family of unconventional, nonmuscle, actin-dependent motor proteins. We show that MyoX is predominantly expressed in cranial neural crest (CNC) cells in embryos of Xenopus laevis and is required for head and jaw cartilage development. Knockdown of MyoX expression using antisense morpholino oligonucleotides resulted in retarded migration of CNC cells into the pharyngeal arches, leading to subsequent hypoplasia of cartilage and inhibited outgrowth of the CNC-derived trigeminal nerve. In vitro migration assays on fibronectin using explanted CNC cells showed significant inhibition of filopodia formation, cell attachment, spreading and migration, accompanied by disruption of the actin cytoskeleton. These data support the conclusion that MyoX has an essential function in CNC migration in the vertebrate embryo.

SUBMITTER: Hwang YS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3023993 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Myosin-X is required for cranial neural crest cell migration in Xenopus laevis.

Hwang Yoo-Seok YS   Luo Ting T   Xu Yanhua Y   Sargent Thomas D TD  

Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 20091001 10


Myosin-X (MyoX) belongs to a large family of unconventional, nonmuscle, actin-dependent motor proteins. We show that MyoX is predominantly expressed in cranial neural crest (CNC) cells in embryos of Xenopus laevis and is required for head and jaw cartilage development. Knockdown of MyoX expression using antisense morpholino oligonucleotides resulted in retarded migration of CNC cells into the pharyngeal arches, leading to subsequent hypoplasia of cartilage and inhibited outgrowth of the CNC-deri  ...[more]

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