Dataset Information

Linkage scan of nicotine dependence in the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Family Alcoholism Study.

ABSTRACT: Nicotine dependence has been shown to represent a heritable condition, and several research groups have performed linkage analysis to identify genomic regions influencing this disorder though only a limited number of the findings have been replicated.In the present study, a genome-wide linkage scan for nicotine dependence was conducted in a community sample of 950 probands and 1204 relatives recruited through the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Family Alcoholism Study. A modified version of the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA) with additional questions that probe nicotine use was used to derive DSM-IV nicotine dependence diagnoses.A locus on chromosome 2q31.1 at 184 centiMorgans nearest to marker D2S2188 yielded a logarithm (base 10) of odds (LOD) score of 3.54 (point-wise empirical p=0.000012). Additional peaks of interest were identified on chromosomes 2q13, 4p15.33-31, 11q25 and 12p11.23-21. Follow-up analyses were conducted examining the contributions of individual nicotine dependence symptoms to the chromosome 2q31.1 linkage peak as well as examining the relationship of this chromosomal region to alcohol dependence.The present report suggests that chromosome 2q31.1 confers risk to the development of nicotine dependence and that this region influences a broad range of nicotine dependence symptoms rather than a specific facet of the disorder. Further, the results show that this region is not linked to alcohol dependence in this population, and thus may influence nicotine dependence specifically.

SUBMITTER: Gizer IR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3045476 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Linkage scan of nicotine dependence in the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Family Alcoholism Study.

Gizer I R IR Ehlers C L CL Vieten C C Seaton-Smith K L KL Feiler H S HS Lee J V JV Segall S K SK Gilder D A DA Wilhelmsen K C KC

Psychological medicine 20100701 4

<h4>Background</h4>Nicotine dependence has been shown to represent a heritable condition, and several research groups have performed linkage analysis to identify genomic regions influencing this disorder though only a limited number of the findings have been replicated.<h4>Method</h4>In the present study, a genome-wide linkage scan for nicotine dependence was conducted in a community sample of 950 probands and 1204 relatives recruited through the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Fa ...[more]

PMID: 20594377

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Project description:The HIV-1 epidemic in the US has historically been dominated by subtype B. HIV subtype diversity has not been extensively examined in most US cities to determine whether non-B variants have become established, as has been observed in many other global regions. We describe the diversity of non-B variants and present evidence of local transmission of non-B HIV in San Francisco. Viral sequences collected from patients between 2000 and 2016 were matched to the San Francisco HIV/AIDS case registry. HIV subtype was determined using COMET. Phylogenies were reconstructed using the pol region of subtypes A, C, D, G, CRF01_AE, CRF02_AG, and CRF07_BC, with reference sequences from the LANL HIV database. Associations of non-B subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) with patient characteristics were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Out of 11,381 sequences, 10,669 were from 7235 registry cases, of which 141 (2%) had non-B subtypes and CRFs and 72 (1%) had unique recombinant forms. CRF01_AE (0.8%) and subtype C (0.5%) were the most prevalent non-B forms. The frequency of non-B subtypes and CRFs increased in San Francisco during years 2000-2016. Out of 146 transmission events involving non-B study sequences, 18% indicated local transmission within the study population and 74% appeared to be inward migration of the virus. Compared to 7016 cases with only subtype B, 141 cases with non-B sequences were more likely to be of non-US country of birth (aOR = 11.02; p < 0.001), of Asian/Pacific-Islander race/ethnicity (aOR = 3.17; p < 0.001), and diagnosed after 2009 (aOR = 4.81; p < 0.001). Results suggest that most non-B infections were likely acquired outside the US and that local transmission of non-B forms has occurred but so far has not produced extensive transmission networks. Thus, non-B variants were not widely established in San Francisco, an observation that differs from cities worldwide with more diverse epidemics.

Dataset Information

Linkage scan of nicotine dependence in the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Family Alcoholism Study.

Publications

Linkage scan of nicotine dependence in the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Family Alcoholism Study.

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