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Greater improvement in quality of life following unilateral deep brain stimulation surgery in the globus pallidus as compared to the subthalamic nucleus.

ABSTRACT: While deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is a well-accepted treatment for Parkinson disease (PD) that improves overall quality of life (QoL), its effects across different domains of QoL are unclear. The study reported here directly compared the effects of unilateral DBS in subthalamic nucleus (STN) or globus pallidus (GPi) on QoL in 42 non-demented patients with medication-refractory PD. Patients were enrolled in the COMPARE trial, a randomized clinical trial of cognitive and mood effects of STN versus GPi DBS conducted at the University of Florida Movement Disorders Center. Patients underwent motor, mood, verbal fluency and QoL (Parkinson disease questionnaire: PDQ-39) measures before and 6 months following surgery. Groups experienced motor and mood improvements that did not differ by target. Patients with STN DBS evidenced a slight decrement on letter fluency. On average, all patients endorsed better overall QoL after surgery. However, despite similar motor and mood improvements, GPi patients improved more than STN patients (38 vs. 14%, respectively; P = 0.03). Patients reported better QoL on subscales of mobility, activities of daily living (ADLs), emotional well-being, stigma, cognition and discomfort, but not on those of social support and communication. Improvements on the mobility, ADLs, stigma and social support subscales were greater amongst GPi patients. In regression analyses, only depression changes independently predicted changes in overall QoL as well as emotional well-being and social support changes. Within the STN group only, declining category fluency scores correlated with poorer QoL on the communication subscale. Unilateral DBS in both STN and GPi improved QoL overall and in disparate domains 6 months after surgery. Patients receiving GPi DBS reported greater improvements that cannot be explained by differential mood or motor effects; however, verbal fluency changes may have partially contributed to lesser QoL improvements amongst STN patients.

SUBMITTER: Zahodne LB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3045861 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Greater improvement in quality of life following unilateral deep brain stimulation surgery in the globus pallidus as compared to the subthalamic nucleus.

Zahodne Laura B LB Okun Michael S MS Foote Kelly D KD Fernandez Hubert H HH Rodriguez Ramon L RL Wu Samuel S SS Kirsch-Darrow Lindsey L Jacobson Charles E CE Rosado Christian C Bowers Dawn D

Journal of neurology 20090412 8

While deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is a well-accepted treatment for Parkinson disease (PD) that improves overall quality of life (QoL), its effects across different domains of QoL are unclear. The study reported here directly compared the effects of unilateral DBS in subthalamic nucleus (STN) or globus pallidus (GPi) on QoL in 42 non-demented patients with medication-refractory PD. Patients were enrolled in the COMPARE trial, a randomized clinical trial of cognitive and mood effects of S ...[more]

PMID: 19363633

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Project description:Difficulty with step initiation, called "start hesitation," is related to gait bradykinesia and is an early hallmark of gait freezing in Parkinson disease (PD). Authors of this study investigated the effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) and levodopa on step initiation before and 6 months after DBS surgery in 29 patients with PD who were randomized to either the bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) or globus pallidus internus (GPi) as the DBS site.The authors measured the amplitude and duration of anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs), the feed-forward postural preparation that precedes the onset of voluntary step initiation, based on center-of-pressure displacements on a force plate. They also measured the length and velocity of the first step using a motion analysis system to study kinematics. Some of the patients (22) were from a large, multicenter, double-blind clinical trial, and all patients in the study (29, PD-DBS group) were randomized to DBS in either the bilateral STN (15 patients) or bilateral GPi (14 patients). Differences in step initiation were investigated in 2 conditions before surgery (off/on levodopa) and in 4 conditions after surgery (off/on levodopa combined with off/on DBS). Twenty-eight elderly healthy control volunteers (CTRL group) were also tested, and 9 control volunteers with PD who met the criteria for DBS (PD-C group) were tested at baseline and 6 months later.Patients in the PD-DBS group had smaller amplitudes and longer durations of APAs compared with those in the 28 healthy control volunteers in all conditions. Before surgery, APAs improved with levodopa. After surgery, the APAs were significantly worse than in the best-treatment state before surgery (DOPA condition), and responsiveness to levodopa decreased. No differences in APAs were detected between the STN and GPi groups. A comparison with PD control volunteers who did not undergo DBS surgery confirmed that a deterioration in step preparation was not related to disease progression. Step length and velocity were smaller in the PD-DBS group than in controls in all conditions. Before surgery, levodopa improved the length and velocity of the first step. Both step length and velocity were unchanged in the best-treatment state before surgery (DOPA condition) as compared with after surgery (DBS+DOPA), with only step velocity in the STN group getting worse after surgery.Six months of DBS in the STN or GPi impaired anticipatory postural preparation for step initiation, the opposite effect as with levodopa. Deep brain stimulation disrupted postural preparation more than step execution, suggesting independent motor pathways for preparation and execution of gait. Although turning the stimulators on after surgery combined with levodopa benefited the postural preparation to step, a comparison of pre- and postsurgery conditions suggests that either the surgery itself or 6 months of continuous stimulation may lead to an alteration of circuits or plastic changes that impair step initiation.

Dataset Information

Greater improvement in quality of life following unilateral deep brain stimulation surgery in the globus pallidus as compared to the subthalamic nucleus.

Publications

Greater improvement in quality of life following unilateral deep brain stimulation surgery in the globus pallidus as compared to the subthalamic nucleus.

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