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The gatekeeper disparity--why do some medical schools send more medical students into urology?

ABSTRACT: Urology continues to be a highly desirable specialty despite decreasing exposure of students to urology in American medical schools. We assessed how American medical schools compare to each other in regard to the number of students that each sends into urological training. We evaluated the reasons why some medical schools consistently send more students into urology than others.We obtained American Urological Association Match data for the 5 match seasons from 2005 to 2009. We then surveyed all successful participants. The survey instrument was designed to determine what aspects of the medical school experience influenced students to specialize in urology. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was then done to assess which factors correlated with more students entering urology from a particular medical school.Between 2005 and 2009 a total of 1,149 medical students from 130 medical schools successfully participated in the urology match. Of the 132 allopathic medical schools 128 sent at least 1 student into urology (mean ± SD 8.9 ± 6.5, median 8). A few medical schools were remarkable outliers, sending significantly more students into urology than other institutions. Multivariate analysis revealed that a number of medical school related variables, including strong mentorship, medical school ranking and medical school size, correlated with more medical students entering urology.Some medical schools launch more urological careers than others. Although the reasons for these findings are multifactorial, recruitment of urological talent pivots on these realities.

SUBMITTER: Kutikov A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3058515 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The gatekeeper disparity--why do some medical schools send more medical students into urology?

Kutikov Alexander A Bonslaver Jason J Casey Jessica T JT Degrado Justin J Dusseault Beau N BN Fox Janelle A JA Lashley-Rogers Desri D Richardson Ingride I Smaldone Marc C MC Steinberg Peter L PL Trivedi Deep B DB Routh Jonathan C JC

The Journal of urology 20101218 2

<h4>Purpose</h4>Urology continues to be a highly desirable specialty despite decreasing exposure of students to urology in American medical schools. We assessed how American medical schools compare to each other in regard to the number of students that each sends into urological training. We evaluated the reasons why some medical schools consistently send more students into urology than others.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>We obtained American Urological Association Match data for the 5 match se ...[more]

PMID: 21168862

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Empathy is paramount in the doctor-patient relationship being a comprehensive and multidimensional concept. Self-ratings of empathy change across the years of medical education only when the Jefferson Scale of Physicians Empathy is used, with a worrying decrease being found throughout the years in Medicine Schools. As there are only few studies on the factors influencing medical student's empathy, particularly of the curricular model, this study aimed to compare the levels of empathy of medicine students of two Schools with different curricular models in central Portugal, the Faculty of Medicine - University of Coimbra (FMUC) and the Faculty of Health Sciences - University of Beira Interior (FCS-UBI). METHODS:Cross-sectional observational study with the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy - students' Portuguese version (JSPE - spv) to 1st, 3rd and 6th year students of the 2017/2018 academic year with descriptive and inferential statistical analysis (p?<?0.05). RESULTS:Size representative sample of 795 students. Higher total empathy score (TES) (p?=?0.008) and "Perspective taking" (p?=?0.001) in FCS-UBI were found. JSPE-TES was higher in FCS-UBI, 3rd year (p?=?0.038). Higher FCS-UBI "Perspective taking" in the 1st year (p?=?0.030) and 6th year (p?=?0.044), for "Compassionate care" in the 3rd (p?=?0.019) and for "Standing in the patient's shoes" in the 1st year (p?=?0.018) and in FMUC for "Compassionate care" in the 1st year (p?=?0.037) and the "Standing in the patient's shoes" in year 3 (p?=?0.002) were found. Higher levels of empathy were found in FCS-UBI female students, for JSPE-TES (p?=?0.045) and "Perspective taking" (p?=?0.001). CONCLUSION:Higher empathy levels in FCS-UBI were found, with different results in the third year suggesting influence of the medical course teaching characteristics between the two Medicine schools, student's empathy levels being higher when earlier and more intense contact with patients accompanied by skilled tutors was developed.

Project description:Objectives There is a paucity of data on pathway programs that seek to increase underrepresented in medicine (URiM) students in medicine. Therefore, this investigation aimed to describe the status and associations of pathway programs at US medical schools. Methods From May to July 2021, the authors obtained information by (1) accessing pathway programs listed on the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) website, (2) reviewing websites of US medical schools, (3) calling medical schools to obtain further information. The data retrieved from the medical school websites was compiled into a 27-item checklist based on the maximum number of different items that was extracted from any of the medical school websites. The data included program characteristics, curricula, activities, and outcomes. Each program was assessed on the number of categories of which information was available. Statistical analyses determined significant associations of URiM-focused pathways and other factors. Results The authors identified 658 pathway programs: 153 (23%) listed on AAMC website and 505 (77%) identified from medical school websites. Only 88 (13%) programs listed outcomes and 143 (22%) had adequate website information. URiM-focused programs (48%) were independently associated with AAMC website listing (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.62, P = .001), no fees requirement (aOR = 3.33, P = .001), oversight by diversity departments (aOR = 2.05, P = .012), Medical College Admission Test preparations (aOR = 2.70, P = .001), research opportunities (aOR = 1.51, P = .022), and mentoring (aOR = 2.58., P < .001). Programs targeting K1-12 were less likely to offer mentoring, shadowing or research or include URiM students. Programs with outcomes were more likely to be college programs with longer durations and offer research, while programs listed on AAMC website provided more resources. Conclusion Although pathway programs are available for URiM students, accessibility issues due to inadequate websites information and early exposure are barriers. Most programs have insufficient data on their website, including a lack of outcome data which is detrimental in today's virtual climate. Medical schools should update their websites to ensure that students requiring support to matriculate into medical school have adequate and relevant information to make informed decisions regarding participation.

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The gatekeeper disparity--why do some medical schools send more medical students into urology?

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The gatekeeper disparity--why do some medical schools send more medical students into urology?

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