Evidence for the re-enactment of a recently learned behavior during sleepwalking.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Oudiette D
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3061883 | biostudies-literature | 2011
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Evidence for the re-enactment of a recently learned behavior during sleepwalking.
Oudiette Delphine D Constantinescu Irina I Leclair-Visonneau Laurène L Vidailhet Marie M Schwartz Sophie S Arnulf Isabelle I
PloS one 20110321 3
Animal studies have shown that sequenced patterns of neuronal activity may be replayed during sleep. However, the existence of such replay in humans has not yet been directly demonstrated. Here we studied patients who exhibit overt behaviors during sleep to test whether sequences of movements trained during the day may be spontaneously reenacted by the patients during sleep. We recruited 19 sleepwalkers (who displayed complex and purposeful behaviors emerging from non REM sleep), 20 patients wit ...[more]
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Project description:BackgroundSleep terrors and sleepwalking are described as arousals from slow wave sleep with no or poor mental recollection.ObjectiveTo characterize the mental content retrospectively associated with sleep terrors or sleepwalking.SettingUniversity Hospital.DesignControlled prospective cohort.ParticipantsForty-three patients referred for severe sleepwalking/sleep terrors (age: 26 +/- 7 y, 46% men, 5 with sleep terrors only, 8 with sleepwalking only, and 30 with both), matched with 25 healthy control subjects.InterventionThirty-eight of the 43 patients (88%) underwent an interview about the frequency, time, behaviors, and mental content associated with the episodes of sleepwalking and sleep terrors, whenever they occurred over a lifetime. The mental contents were classified for complexity (Orlinski score), and for characters, emotions, fortune/misfortune, and social interactions (Hall and Van de Castle categories). Patients and control subjects underwent an overnight video-polysomnogram.ResultsSeventy-one percent of the patients reported at least 1 dreamlike mentation associated with the sleepwalking/sleep terrors episode. The dreamlike mentation action corresponded with the observed behavior. A total of 106 dreamlike mentations were collected (mean: 3 +/- 3.4 dreamlike mentations/patient, range 0-17). Most (95%) dreamlike mentations consisted of a single visual scene. These dreamlike mentations were frequently unpleasant, with aggression in 24% (the dreamer being always the victim), misfortune in 54%, and apprehension in 84%. The patients with dream mentations reported more severe daytime sleepiness.ConclusionShort, unpleasant dreamlike mentations may occur during sleepwalking/sleep terrors episodes, suggesting that a complex mental activity takes place during slow wave sleep. Sleepwalking may thus represent acting out of the corresponding dreamlike mentation.
| S-EPMC2786046 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ImportancePrevious studies conducted among patients with Parkinson disease (PD) reported that parasomnias other than rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD), particularly sleepwalking (SW), are associated with PD severity. However, it remains unclear whether the presence of SW is associated with altered odds of having PD in a population-based study.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether probable SW, either alone or co-occurring with probable RBD, is associated with higher odds of PD in men.Design, setting, and participantsThis cross-sectional study included 25 694 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, a population-based cohort of male health professionals in the US with information on probable SW and probable RBD. Data collection took place between January 2012 and June 2018, and data analysis took place from July 2020 to October 2020.ExposuresProbable SW and probable RBD were measured by questions adapted from the Mayo Sleep Questionnaire in 2012.Main outcomes and measuresPD, confirmed after review of medical records by a movement disorder specialist.ResultsOf the 25 694 studied men (mean [SD] age, 75.6 [7.4] years), 223 (0.9%) had probable SW, 2720 (10.6%) had probable RBD, and 257 (1.0%) had PD. After adjusting for potential confounders (eg, age, smoking, caffeine intake, chronic disease status, and other sleep disorders), compared with individuals without probable SW and probable RBD, participants with probable SW, probable RBD, and both probable SW and probable RBD had higher odds of PD, (probable SW: odds ratio [OR], 4.80; 95% CI, 1.61-14.26; probable RBD: OR, 6.36; 95% CI, 4.83-8.37; both probable SW and probable RBD: OR, 8.44; 95% CI, 3.90-18.27).Conclusions and relevanceIn this cross-sectional study of a male population, probable sleep parasomnias, including both SW and RBD, were associated with higher odds of having PD. PD-related neurodegeneration may impair arousal regulation during sleep.
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Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
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2023-06-12 | GSE211477 | GEO
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Falls are a common health problem, which in the worst cases can lead to death. To develop reliable fall detection algorithms as well as suitable prevention interventions, it is important to understand circumstances and characteristics of real-world fall events. Although falls are common, they are seldom observed, and reports are often biased. Wearable inertial sensors provide an objective approach to capture real-world fall signals. However, it is difficult to directly derive visualization and interpretation of body movements from the fall signals, and corresponding video data is rarely available. OBJECTIVE:The re-enactment method uses available information from inertial sensors to simulate fall events, replicate the data, validate the simulation, and thereby enable a more precise description of the fall event. The aim of this paper is to describe this method and demonstrate the validity of the re-enactment approach. METHODS:Real-world fall data, measured by inertial sensors attached to the lower back, were selected from the Fall Repository for the Design of Smart and Self-Adaptive Environments Prolonging Independent Living (FARSEEING) database. We focused on well-described fall events such as stumbling to be re-enacted under safe conditions in a laboratory setting. For the purposes of exemplification, we selected the acceleration signal of one fall event to establish a detailed simulation protocol based on identified postures and trunk movement sequences. The subsequent re-enactment experiments were recorded with comparable inertial sensor configurations as well as synchronized video cameras to analyze the movement behavior in detail. The re-enacted sensor signals were then compared with the real-world signals to adapt the protocol and repeat the re-enactment method if necessary. The similarity between the simulated and the real-world fall signals was analyzed with a dynamic time warping algorithm, which enables the comparison of two temporal sequences varying in speed and timing. RESULTS:A fall example from the FARSEEING database was used to show the feasibility of producing a similar sensor signal with the re-enactment method. Although fall events were heterogeneous concerning chronological sequence and curve progression, it was possible to reproduce a good approximation of the motion of a person's center of mass during fall events based on the available sensor information. CONCLUSIONS:Re-enactment is a promising method to understand and visualize the biomechanics of inertial sensor-recorded real-world falls when performed in a suitable setup, especially if video data is not available.
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| S-EPMC8880670 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundLiterature suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in poor sleep quality, especially among the infected population. However, literature regarding the effect of COVID-19 pandemic and SARS-CoV-2 infection on occurrence of insomnia, restless legs syndrome and dream enactment behavior is either scarce or unavailable.MethodsThis study was planned to assess the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the occurrence of insomnia, restless legs syndrome (RLS) and dream enactment behavior (DEB). For this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire comprising of items related to demographic details, past medical history, and information related to SARS-CoV-2 infection was distributed through social media. Insomnia was diagnosed using clinical criteria. RLS, DEB, sleep quality, depression and anxiety were assessed using a validated questionnaire. Information regarding the use of hypnotic medications was also gathered.ResultsOf the 1596 respondents, 37.2% reported disturbed sleep while insomnia was reported by 22.6% respondents. 27.3% of respondents reported RLS and 17.4% suffered DEB. The odds of insomnia were greater among males (OR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.03-1.58; P < 0.02) and among those who had SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR = 1.76; 95% CI = 1.42-2.19; P < 0.001). Similarly, SARS-CoV-2 infection was also associated with increased odds of RLS (OR = 2.48; 95% CI = 1.98-3.11; P < 0.001) and DEB (OR = 1.58; 95%CI = 1.21-2.06; P < 0.001). Insomnia, RLS and DEB were more frequent among respondents who required oxygen therapy, those who experienced loss of taste and/or smell, depression and anxiety. Prevalence of insomnia, DEB and RLS was higher than said prevalence among respondents with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but lower than that of those with positive history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. 5.3% of respondents reported taking hypnotic medications before infection, 7% during infection and 5.3% after infection.ConclusionSARS-CoV-2-infection-related factors in association with environmental factors have increased the prevalence of insomnia, DEB and RLS among subjects having infection. SARS-CoV-2-associated immunological changes, hypoxia and neurotropism may play a role in occurrence of insomnia, DEB and RLS.
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