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Prevalence, distribution, and risk factor correlates of high pericardial and intrathoracic fat depots in the Framingham heart study.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Pericardial and intrathoracic fat depots may represent novel risk factors for obesity-related cardiovascular disease. We sought to determine the prevalence, distribution, and risk factor correlates of high pericardial and intrathoracic fat deposits. METHODS AND RESULTS:Participants from the Framingham Heart Study (n=3312; mean age, 52 years; 48% women) underwent multidetector CT imaging in 2002 to 2005; high pericardial and high intrathoracic fat were defined on the basis of the sex-specific 90th percentile for these fat depots in a healthy reference sample. For men and women, the prevalence of high pericardial fat was 29.3% and 26.3%, respectively, and high intrathoracic fat was 31.4% and 35.3%, respectively. Overall, 22.1% of the sample was discordant for pericardial and intrathoracic fat depots: 8.3% had high pericardial but normal intrathoracic fat and 13.8% had high intrathoracic but normal pericardial fat. Higher body mass index, higher waist circumference, and increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome were more prevalent in participants with high intrathoracic fat depots than with high pericardial fat (P<0.05 for all comparisons). High abdominal visceral adipose tissue was more frequent in participants with high intrathoracic adipose tissue compared with those with high pericardial fat (P<0.001). Intrathoracic fat but not waist circumference was more highly correlated with visceral adipose tissue (r=0.76 and 0.78 in men and women, respectively; P<0.0001) than with subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) (r=0.46 and 0.54 in men and women, respectively; P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS:Although prevalence of pericardial fat and intrathoracic fat were comparable at 30%, intrathoracic fat correlated more closely with metabolic risk and visceral fat. Intrathoracic fat may be a potential marker of metabolic risk and visceral fat on thoracic imaging.

SUBMITTER: Thanassoulis G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3063852 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prevalence, distribution, and risk factor correlates of high pericardial and intrathoracic fat depots in the Framingham heart study.

Thanassoulis George G Massaro Joseph M JM Hoffmann Udo U Mahabadi Amir A AA Vasan Ramachandran S RS O'Donnell Christopher J CJ Fox Caroline S CS

Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging 20100604 5

<h4>Background</h4>Pericardial and intrathoracic fat depots may represent novel risk factors for obesity-related cardiovascular disease. We sought to determine the prevalence, distribution, and risk factor correlates of high pericardial and intrathoracic fat deposits.<h4>Methods and results</h4>Participants from the Framingham Heart Study (n=3312; mean age, 52 years; 48% women) underwent multidetector CT imaging in 2002 to 2005; high pericardial and high intrathoracic fat were defined on the bas ...[more]

PMID: 20525769

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Project description:OBJECTIVES:Traditional clinical risk factors are associated with inflammation cross-sectionally, but associations of longitudinal variation in inflammatory biomarkers with corresponding changes in clinical risk factors are incompletely described. We sought to analyze clinical factors associated with change in inflammation in the community. METHODS:We studied 3013 Framingham Offspring (n = 2735) and Omni Cohort (n = 278) participants (mean age 59 years, 55% women, 9% ethnic/racial minority) who attended two consecutive examination cycles (mean 6.7 years apart). We selected ten inflammatory biomarkers representing distinctive biological functions: C-reactive protein (CRP), intercellular adhesion molecule-1, interleukin-6, isoprostanes, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase-2 (Lp-PLA2) activity, Lp-PLA2-mass, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, osteoprotegerin, P-selectin, and tumor necrosis factor receptor II (TNFRII). We constructed multivariable-adjusted regression models to assess the relations of baseline, follow-up and change in clinical risk factors with change in biomarker concentrations over time. RESULTS:Baseline, follow-up and change in clinical risk factors explain a moderate amount of the variation in biomarker concentrations across 2 consecutive examinations (ranging from r(2) = 0.28 [TNFRII] up to 0.52 [Lp-PLA2-mass]). In multivariable models, increasing body-mass index, smoking initiation, worsening lipid profile, and increasing waist size were associated with increasing concentrations of several biomarkers. Conversely, hypercholesterolemia therapy and hormone replacement cessation were associated with decreasing concentrations of biomarkers such as CRP, Lp-PLA2-mass and activity. CONCLUSION:Cardiovascular risk factors have different patterns of association with longitudinal change in inflammatory biomarkers and explain modest amounts of variability in biomarker concentrations. Nevertheless, a substantial proportion of longitudinal change in inflammatory markers is not explained by traditional risk factors.

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Prevalence, distribution, and risk factor correlates of high pericardial and intrathoracic fat depots in the Framingham heart study.

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Prevalence, distribution, and risk factor correlates of high pericardial and intrathoracic fat depots in the Framingham heart study.

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