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Trends in treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer in the Medicare population.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Optimal care for most patients with advanced ovarian cancer generally includes both surgery and chemotherapy. Little is known about the proportion of women in the US who receive combination care or the sequence in which this care is delivered. This study evaluated patterns of care, frequency of completion of recommended therapy and factors associated with sequencing of therapy. METHODS:Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End-Results data we identified a cohort of 8211 women aged 65 and above with stage III/IV epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosed between 1995 and 2005. Receipt of chemotherapy or surgery was identified using Medicare claims. Logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with sequencing of treatment and the receipt of surgery. RESULTS:3241 (39.1%) had surgery and at least 6 cycles of chemotherapy in either order. Surgery was performed initially in 4827 (58.8%) women and 3658/4827 (75.8%) had subsequent chemotherapy. 2017 (24.6%) had primary chemotherapy and 649/2017 (32.2%) of these women had subsequent surgery. Advanced age, African American race, stage IV disease, non-married status and increasing medical comorbidity were all associated with the failure to receive both surgery and at least 6 cycles of chemotherapy (all p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:The majority of women with advanced ovarian cancer in the Medicare population do not receive both combination therapy with surgery and at least 6 cycles of chemotherapy. A large proportion of women are receiving chemotherapy as primary treatment for advanced ovarian cancer, and the majority of these patients do not have cancer-directed surgery.

SUBMITTER: Thrall MM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3104110 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Trends in treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer in the Medicare population.

Thrall Melissa M MM Gray Heidi J HJ Symons Rebecca Gaston RG Weiss Noel S NS Flum David R DR Goff Barbara A BA

Gynecologic oncology 20110415 1

<h4>Objective</h4>Optimal care for most patients with advanced ovarian cancer generally includes both surgery and chemotherapy. Little is known about the proportion of women in the US who receive combination care or the sequence in which this care is delivered. This study evaluated patterns of care, frequency of completion of recommended therapy and factors associated with sequencing of therapy.<h4>Methods</h4>Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End-Results data we identified a cohort of 82 ...[more]

PMID: 21496889

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Project description:BackgroundEpithelial ovarian cancer presents at an advanced stage in the majority of women. These women require surgery and chemotherapy for optimal treatment. Conventional treatment is to perform surgery first and then give chemotherapy. However, it is not yet clear whether there are any advantages to using chemotherapy before surgery.ObjectivesTo assess whether there is an advantage to treating women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer with chemotherapy before cytoreductive surgery (neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT)) compared with conventional treatment where chemotherapy follows maximal cytoreductive surgery.Search methodsFor the original review we searched, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, Issue 3, 2006), MEDLINE (Silver Platter, from 1966 to 1 Sept 2006), EMBASE via Ovid (from 1980 to 1 Sept 2006), CANCERLIT (from 1966 to 1 Sept 2006), PDQ (search for open and closed trials) and MetaRegister (most current search Sept 2006). For this update randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were identified by searching the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, Issue 3, 2011) and the Cochrane Gynaecological Cancer Specialised Register (2011), MEDLINE (August week 1, 2011), EMBASE (to week 31, 2011), PDQ (search for open and closed trials) and MetaRegister (August 2011).Selection criteriaRCTs of women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (Federation of International Gynaecologists and Obstetricians (FIGO) stage III/IV) who were randomly allocated to treatment groups that compared platinum-based chemotherapy before cytoreductive surgery with platinum-based chemotherapy following cytoreductive surgery.Data collection and analysisData were extracted by two review authors independently, and the quality of included trials was assessed by two review authors independently.Main resultsOne high-quality RCT met the inclusion criteria. This multicentre trial randomised 718 women with stage IIIc/IV ovarian cancer to NACT followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) or primary debulking surgery (PDS) followed by chemotherapy. There were no significant differences between the study groups with regard to overall survival (OS) (670 women; HR 0.98; 95% CI 0.82 to 1.18) or progression-free survival (PFS) (670 women; HR 1.01; 95% CI 0.86 to 1.17).Significant differences occurred between the NACT and PDS groups with regard to some surgically related serious adverse effects (SAE grade 3/4) including haemorrhage (12 in NACT group vs 23 in PDS group; RR 0.50; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.99), venous thromboembolism (none in NACT group vs eight in PDS group; RR 0.06; 95% CI 0 to 0.98) and infection (five in NACT group vs 25 in PDS group; RR 0.19; 95% CI 0.07 to 0.50). Quality of life (QoL) was reported to be similar for the NACT and PDS groups.Three ongoing RCTs were also identified.Authors' conclusionsWe consider the use of NACT in women with stage IIIc/IV ovarian cancer to be a reasonable alternative to PDS, particularly in bulky disease. With regard to selecting who will benefit from NACT, treatment should be tailored to the patient and should take into account resectability, age, histology, stage and performance status. These results cannot be generalised to women with stage IIIa and IIIb ovarian cancer; in these women, PDS is the standard. We await the results of three ongoing trials, which may change these conclusions.

Project description:BackgroundEpithelial ovarian cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among women worldwide, and advanced epithelial ovarian cancer frequently metastasizes to the omentum. The characteristics of metastatic cancer may differ from those of primary ovarian cancer and reflect the unique omental microenvironment. This study investigated metabolomic differences in epithelial ovarian cancers.MethodsPatients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer were eligible for this study. Five patients underwent surgery and resection of paired primary ovarian and omental metastatic cancer at Nagoya University. Metabolome analysis was performed in these paired cancer and metastatic cancer tissues through a facility service (C-SCOPE) at Human Metabolome Technologies, Inc. The concentrations of 116 compounds were measured by CE-TOFMS and CE-QqQMS, and 30 metabolic parameters were calculated. For statistical analyses, Welch's t-test was used for comparisons between two independent groups.ResultsMetabolite profiles were all different, which reflects diversity among these cancer tissues. Of the measured compounds, urea was the only metabolite that was significantly decreased in omental metastatic cancers compared with the primary cancers (p = 0.031). Moreover, in omental metastatic cancers, the pentose phosphate pathway was more dominant than glycolysis. Furthermore, in some cases, lactic acids in omental metastatic cancers were markedly decreased compared with primary cancers. With regard to histological subtype, the total levels of amino acids, especially the percentage of glutamine, were significantly enriched in serous carcinomas compared with nonserous carcinomas (p = 0.004 and p = 0.001). Moreover, the reduced forms of glutathione and polyamines were also more abundant in serous carcinomas than in nonserous carcinomas (p = 0.025 and 0.048).ConclusionsThe metabolite profiles differed depending on tumor location and histological subtype. Metabolome analysis may be a useful tool for identifying cancer diagnostic and prognostic markers.

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Trends in treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer in the Medicare population.

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Trends in treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer in the Medicare population.

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