Dataset Information

Identification of phenylalanine 3-hydroxylase for meta-tyrosine biosynthesis.

ABSTRACT: Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PheH) is an iron(II)-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of aromatic amino acid l-phenylalanine (L-Phe) to l-tyrosine (L-Tyr). The enzymatic modification has been demonstrated to be highly regiospecific, forming proteinogenic para-Tyr (p-Tyr) exclusively. Here we biochemically characterized the first example of a phenylalanine 3-hydroxylase (Phe3H) that catalyzes the synthesis of meta-Tyr (m-Tyr) from Phe. Subsequent mutagenesis studies revealed that two residues in the active site of Phe3H (Cys187 and Thr202) contribute to C-3 rather than C-4 hydroxylation of the phenyl ring. This work sets the stage for the mechanistic and structural study of regiospecific control of the substrate hydroxylation by PheH.

SUBMITTER: Zhang W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3115494 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification of phenylalanine 3-hydroxylase for meta-tyrosine biosynthesis.

Zhang Wenjun W Ames Brian D BD Walsh Christopher T CT

Biochemistry 20110531 24

Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PheH) is an iron(II)-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of aromatic amino acid l-phenylalanine (L-Phe) to l-tyrosine (L-Tyr). The enzymatic modification has been demonstrated to be highly regiospecific, forming proteinogenic para-Tyr (p-Tyr) exclusively. Here we biochemically characterized the first example of a phenylalanine 3-hydroxylase (Phe3H) that catalyzes the synthesis of meta-Tyr (m-Tyr) from Phe. Subsequent mutagenesis studies revealed that two ...[more]

PMID: 21615132

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Project description:Background Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder that results in elevated concentrations of phenylalanine (Phe) in the blood. If left untreated, the accumulation of Phe can result in profound neurocognitive disability. The objective of this systematic literature review and meta-analysis was to estimate the global birth prevalence of PAH deficiency from newborn screening studies and to estimate regional differences, overall and for various clinically relevant Phe cutoff values used in confirmatory testing. Methods The protocol for this literature review was registered with PROSPERO (International prospective register of systematic reviews). Pubmed and Embase database searches were used to identify studies that reported the birth prevalence of PAH deficiency. Only studies including numeric birth prevalence reports of confirmed PAH deficiency were included. Results From the 85 publications included in the review, 238 birth prevalence estimates were extracted. After excluding prevalence estimates that did not meet quality assessment criteria or because of temporal and regional overlap, estimates from 45 publications were included in the meta-analysis. The global birth prevalence of PAH deficiency, estimated by weighting regional birth prevalences relative to their share of the population of all regions included in the study, was 0.64 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53–0.75) per 10,000 births and ranged from 0.03 (95% CI 0.02–0.05) per 10,000 births in Southeast Asia to 1.18 (95% CI 0.64–1.87) per 10,000 births in the Middle East/North Africa. Regionally weighted global birth prevalences per 10,000 births by confirmatory test Phe cutoff values were 0.96 (95% CI 0.50–1.42) for the Phe cutoff value of 360 ± 100 µmol/L; 0.50 (95% CI 0.37–0.64) for the Phe cutoff value of 600 ± 100 µmol/L; and 0.30 (95% CI 0.20–0.40) for the Phe cutoff value of 1200 ± 200 µmol/L. Conclusions Substantial regional variation in the birth prevalence of PAH deficiency was observed in this systematic literature review and meta-analysis of published evidence from newborn screening. The precision of the prevalence estimates is limited by relatively small sample sizes, despite widespread and longstanding newborn screening in much of the world. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13023-021-01874-6.

Dataset Information

Identification of phenylalanine 3-hydroxylase for meta-tyrosine biosynthesis.

Publications

Identification of phenylalanine 3-hydroxylase for meta-tyrosine biosynthesis.

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