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Effect of low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration on osteogenic differentiation of rat mesenchymal stromal cells.

ABSTRACT: Whole body vibration (WBV), consisting of a low-magnitude, high-frequency (LMHF) signal, is anabolic to bone in vivo and may act through alteration of the lineage commitment of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC). We investigated the effect of LMHF vibration on rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (rMSCs) in an in vitro system. We subjected rMSCs to repeated (six) bouts of 1-h vibration at 0.3g and 60?Hz in the presence of osteogenic (OS) induction medium. The OS differentiation of rMSCs under the loaded and non-loaded conditions was assessed by examining cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mRNA expression of various osteoblast-associated markers [ALP, Runx2, osterix (Osx), collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN)], and matrix mineralization. LMHF vibration did not enhance the OS differentiation of rMSCs. Surprisingly, the mRNA level of Osx, a transcription factor necessary for osteoblast formation, was decreased, and matrix mineralization was inhibited. Our findings suggest that LMHF vibration may exert its anabolic effects in vivo via mechanosensing of a cell type different from MSCs.

SUBMITTER: Lau E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3119487 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration on osteogenic differentiation of rat mesenchymal stromal cells.

Lau Esther E Lee W David WD Li Jason J Xiao Andrew A Davies John E JE Wu Qianhong Q Wang Liyun L You Lidan L

Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society 20110222 7

Whole body vibration (WBV), consisting of a low-magnitude, high-frequency (LMHF) signal, is anabolic to bone in vivo and may act through alteration of the lineage commitment of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC). We investigated the effect of LMHF vibration on rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (rMSCs) in an in vitro system. We subjected rMSCs to repeated (six) bouts of 1-h vibration at 0.3g and 60 Hz in the presence of osteogenic (OS) induction medium. The OS differentiation of rMSCs under the loaded an ...[more]

PMID: 21344497

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Project description:IntroductionMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in promoting tissue regeneration and healing, particularly in bone tissue. Both smoking and nicotine use are known to delay and inhibit the healing process in patients. This study aims at delineating these cellular effects by comparing the impact of nicotine alone to cigarette smoke with equivalent nicotine content, and shedding light on potential differences in the healing process.MethodsWe examined how cigarette smoke and nicotine affect the migration, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of human patient-derived MSCs in vitro, as well as the secretion of cytokines IL-6 and IL-8. We measured nicotine concentration of the cigarette smoke extract (CSE) to clarify the role of the nicotine in the effect of the cigarette smoke.ResultsMSCs exposed to nicotine-concentration-standardized CSE exhibited impaired wound healing capability, and at high concentrations, increased cell death. At lower concentrations, CSE dose-dependently impaired migration, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation, and increased IL-8 secretion. Nicotine impaired proliferation and decreased PINP secretion. While there was a trend for elevated IL-6 levels by nicotine in undifferentiated MSCs, these changes were not statistically significant. Exposure of MSCs to equivalent concentrations of nicotine consistently elicited stronger responses by CSE and had a more pronounced effect on all studied parameters. Our results suggest that the direct effect of cigarette smoke on MSCs contributes to impaired MSC function, that adds to the nicotine effects.ConclusionsCigarette smoke extract reduced the migration, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation in MSCs in vitro, while nicotine alone reduced proliferation. Cigarette smoke impairs the osteogenic and regenerative ability of MSCs in a direct cytotoxic manner. Cytotoxic effect of nicotine alone impairs regenerative ability of MSCs, but it only partly explains cytotoxic effects of cigarette smoke. Direct effect of cigarette smoke, and partly nicotine, on MSCs could contribute to the smoking-related negative impact on long-term bone health, especially in bone healing.

Dataset Information

Effect of low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration on osteogenic differentiation of rat mesenchymal stromal cells.

Publications

Effect of low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration on osteogenic differentiation of rat mesenchymal stromal cells.

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